1. Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is an ethical theory which states that the best action is the one that maximizes utility. "Utility" is defined usually in terms of the well-being of sentient entities. The doctrine implies that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority. In a utilitarian assessment of an action, each individual is valued on the action. 2. Deontological Modern deontological ethics was introduced by Immanuel Kant in the late 18th Century, with his theory of the Categorical Imperative. This is an approach to Ethics that focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves, as opposed to the rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions or to the character and habits of the actor. Thus, to a deontologist, whether a situation is good or bad depends on whether the action that brought it about was right or …show more content…
3. Morality A moral is a codes of conduct in workplaces or principles in religions. Morality ethics describe the conditions and actions that people perceive as being good or bad because of their own internal values. For example codes of conduct in workplaces or principles in used to guide religions. They are know by all people and it is not possible for those people to act against them 4. Rawls’ theory of justice Rawls uses a Kantian approach to offer a contemporary alternative to utilitarianism based on free will, fairness and equality, not social utility. Rawls attempts to reach principles of distributive justice by assuming people are rational and value their own good. Rawls also believed that people would be objective if they pretended they were behind a ‘veil of ignorance’ where would not know anything about themselves or their circumstances when they were born. Rawls believed two