Earl Warren Many chief justices have worked on popular cases over the years. In particular I am going to be talking about Earl Warren; his early life, he was a past chief justice, why he chose what he did and the three major cases he worked on throughout his life. All of these affected our lives in one way or another. The three cases Earl Warren worked on were Brown v. Board of Education, Miranda v. Arizona, and Benton v. Maryland.
Earl Warren was a man that served in the United States Army in World War l. He was born on March 19, 1891 in Los Angeles, California. After living for 83 years, he died on July 9, 1974 in Washington D.C.. Warren suffered from congestive heart failure and of heart problems which caused his death that year. Warren went to his town’s public school in Bakersfield, California.
Liva Baker, a freelance writer, explain behind the scenes of the Supreme Court’s desegregation laws, and challenge and resistance of the desegregation between 1951 and 1955 in her book– “With All Deliberate Speed.” Because of ignorance and racism, millions of freemen didn`t find an equal place to integrate into their society even though some of the white Americans welcomed to them. Racial segregation in housing, medical care, education, employment, and transportation made their daily life difficult. In the North and South, parents fought for their children`s fundamental educational rights which were denied in public school systems, based on their colors. Therefore, they started to look for help to protect their constitutional rights as Oliver L. Brown was an African American parent who wanted her daughter to register for an elementary school, one mile (1.6 km) away from her house, but she was refused enrollment in 1951.
Brown V Board of Education changed the paradigm of education in America. This sea change became a milestone not only in African American's battle for equality, but for all citizen's rights. The case was deemed as one of the greatest Supreme Court cases in the the 20th century. The racial segregation of children in public schools brought light in the violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Although the decision didn’t fully succeed in desegregating public education, but was a cause to put the Constitution on the side of racial equality and turned the Civil Rights movement into a full revolution.
The Brown Vs Board of Education of Topeka Kansas was one event that helped this country recognise that not everyone has access to equal opportunities. This case took place in 1954 and at this time over one-third of states has schools segregated by law. It began as 5 different court cases all about segregated school, but Oliver Brown's name appeared in the title because is case was the only one that didn’t take place in the south, and the courts didn't want it to only seem like a southern problem. When this case went through all the lower courts before it got to the U.S. supreme court Brown
Marshall fought for equality, without him arguing cases to gain racial equality schools like Jones College Prep would not exist. Brown v. Board of Education was a significant case that ended segregation in schools. The Court unanimously ruled that "separate but equal" public schools for blacks and whites were unconstitutional. The Brown case served as a catalyst for the modern civil rights movement, inspiring education reform everywhere and forming the legal means of challenging segregation in all areas of society. After Brown, the nation made great strides toward opening the doors of education to all students (civilrights.org).
Robert Penn Warren was an American writer and poet, born in Guthrie, Kentucky on April 24th, 1905 (Zworykin 121). He received a considerable university education, receiving a master’s degree from the University of California and then a doctorate degree at Oxford University, all by the year 1930 (Zworykin 121). Throughout his career, Warren received many awards for his achievements, eventually becoming the first person to receive the Pulitzer Prize in both fiction and in poetry (“Robert Penn Warren”). Additionally, two of Warren’s books, “All the King’s Men,” (1949), and “Band of Angels,” (1957), were made into film adaptations, with “All the King’s Men” being remade once more in 2006 (“Films”). As seen in almost all of his work, Warren had
The Warren Court Era was the name that described the Supreme Court of the United States from 1953 to 1969 when Chief Justice Earl Warren served. The Warren Court Era had many court cases that changed what history had originally started. Cases regarding civil rights and civil liberties were decided under Chief Justice Earl Warren and impacted the states and the people in many different ways. On May 17, 1954 it was decided in a unanimous decision through the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas that there would be no more racial segregation in schools.
To explain, Chief Justice Earl Warren believed separate educational facilities are inherently unequal, even more they were a violation of the 14th amendment and were therefore unconstitutional. This ruling marked the end of the "separate but equal" precedent set by the Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson and sparked the Civil Rights movement during the 1950s. The Brown v. Board case as a result effected the United States in regards to race relations in criminal justice, the political process, and the separation of church and state (Brown v. Board). Without doubt, even though segregation of schools was illegal it did not guarantee the end of segregation within
Between the time of 1953 and 1969 Chief Justice of the U.S. was Earl Warren and established something called the “Warren Court”. During this time of the “Warren Court” there was significant changes such as separation of Church and State and equal protection under law, and more rights for the accused. It made changes in major aspects of the United States with court cases like Engle and Brown v. Board of Education. The Supreme Court Plays an Important role in our Society.
One such leader was Earl Warren, who worked as a Chief Justice on the Supreme Court, was a leader for civil rights in the 1950s. Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka was a crucial case for Black rights, in which the Supreme Court found it unconstitutional to segregate schools. Warren was quoted saying, “Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race … deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities? We believe that it does,” (Doc D). By changing the Plessy v. Ferguson decision from 1896 of separate but equal, Warren directly made an impact on Black lives.
Supreme Court became vulnerable, due the fact that public school desegregation became a national issue to be resolved. The Brown v. Board of Education cases was heard many times between 1952 to 1954. One of the most important argument represented by Thurgood Marshall and his lawyers was based on testimony of around 30 social scientists that show evidences of the harmful effects of segregation on black and white students. In May of 1954, which the Supreme Court declaring that “separate but equal” schools for children of different races violated the Constitution, which the Chief Justice Earl Warren stated, “We conclude that in the field of public education the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”
Earl Warren stated that “education is perhaps the most important function of state and local governments”. He also said that it will be difficult for a child to succeed if he/she doesn't get an education(doc 1). Earl Warren said this because he believes education is an opportunity that can lead to more in the future. This demonstrates how the Civil Rights Movement expanded the principles of democracy with the expansion of the right to a good education. The movement for education to be expanded also tried to expand basic civil rights.
During the 20th century no other court case had led to such a profound effect on America as Brown v. Board of Education. Towards the end of World War II, dramatic changes in the American race relations were underway. The court’s decision with Plessy v. Ferguson, on which segregation rested, was dismantled. The National Association of the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) challenged it repeatedly. The doctrine of separate but equal was starting to change.
In the case of Strauder v. West Virginia, an African American man challenged the state’s law that only whites could serve in jury duty, saying that it was unconstitutional to the 14th Amendment, but the court ruled that states could choose to exclude any person from serving on a jury, even if that reason was simply because they were not white (Strauder v. West Virginia). From this decision, it is clear that, even after the passing of the 14th Amendment, many, if not most court judges thought that African Americans were inferior, intellectually and morally, to white men, and still held that equal participation in the government should not be possible. The denial of African Americans from serving their country, through their local courts, in the same capacity as white people was a chief reason for the continual contention that was had with state governments, especially those that were disinclined to allow civil rights to African Americans, and court appeals for violation of rights seemed to be the most effective way to induce the equality of the races, or at least to make people aware of the social injustice. One of the most famous examples of the push against discrimination was the landmark Brown v. the Board of Education, a consolidation of four cases from four states against the state government for the laws against African Americans children from attending “whites only” schools violating the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (Brown v. Board of Education). The idea of schools that educate students of different races was not a frontrunning issue in America’s sociopolitical eye until the eve of the Civil Rights Movement, and although the Fourteenth Amendment protects the rights of American citizens to enjoy equal institutions, the
