Liva Baker, a freelance writer, explain behind the scenes of the Supreme Court’s desegregation laws, and challenge and resistance of the desegregation between 1951 and 1955 in her book– “With All Deliberate Speed.”
Because of ignorance and racism, millions of freemen didn`t find an equal place to integrate into their society even though some of the white Americans welcomed to them. Racial segregation in housing, medical care, education, employment, and transportation made their daily life difficult. In the North and South, parents fought for their children`s fundamental educational rights which were denied in public school systems, based on their colors. Therefore, they started to look for help to protect their constitutional rights as Oliver L. Brown was an African American parent who wanted her daughter to register for an elementary school, one mile (1.6 km) away from her house, but she was refused enrollment in 1951. When the Supreme Court, the nation’s highest court for all cases and controversies in the United States and a guardian and interpreter of the Constitution, decided to hear the Brown v. Board of Ed. Schools desegregation case in 1952, it became the most important case of the 20th century.
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Analyzing the case was divided into two parts, racial segregation in public school was constitutional or unconstitutional, and it was the business of Supreme Court or Congress. Another problem was about how and when desegregation should be applied. The defenders of South Carolina and Kansas, who were top legal officers, also argued that the equal protection of the Constitution did not need any integration because they had already begun to make their facilities equal to all the citizens. However, the attorneys from Brown`s side used the law and morality to support their