IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT – RISK OF CONTAMINATION Risk management is another impact of GMOs on ecology. GMOs which are introduced whether for deliberate release or for contained use should be managed sufficiently the same way as the invasive species being treated for management purposes. Environmental contamination is one of the significant problems of GMOs. GMOs contamination is not GM risk per se, but it is a risk management issue depends on the involving crops. Some GM crops are improbable of spreading beyond their areas of planting. However, some GM species are likely to spread far more (IUCN, The World Conservation Union, 2007). For instance, plants that producing pollens have higher potential to spread far and contaminate nearby plants whereas bright-resistant GM potatoes have minimum risk of contamination because they reproduce via tubers. Besides that, recent study on creeping bent grass which has been developed to be resistant against RoundUp, a glyphosate shown that it can be easily spread to the …show more content…
However, removal or inactivation of this caffeine synthesis gene may produce undesirable side effects. This is because caffeine able to inhibit the synthesis of aflatoxin, a potent toxin produced in certain mold. Therefore, coffee beans which are lack of caffeine gene may develop greater contamination by aflatoxin-producing mold, thus the toxin remain active throughout the food preparation processes. Unfortunately, there is no experimental data rove that decaffeinated coffee contains aflatoxin (IUCN, The World Conservation Union, 2007). Therefore, it is important that each transgenic foods either as a single protein or as whole should be tested for toxicity in animals due to the presence of any unidentified compounds in the GM foods (Dora & Arvanitoyannis,