8. species epiphyte parasitism Commensalism lichen details
1 Derris yes no Yes no -
2 Musa no no No no banana
3 Scindapsis no no No no -
4 Licuda no no No no -
5 Ficus no no No no -
9. Most plant parasites can be found on the leaves and the roots of the plants because most nutrients and sugars are produced and transported here. The leaves are rich in sugars and other products of photosynthesis and are prime targets for fungal parasites. Plant roots are attacked by a great range fungi, from simple organisms parasitic on a single cell to ones attacking an entire root system
10. The tunnels have been chosen because it is always dark there and it simulates the surroundings in which night animals always live. Night animals, like bats often
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This is the place where the light will fall on. The Zooxanthellae need light energy to make glucose. This will keep the stone corral alive.
32.
1. surgeonfish
2. bluestripe snapper
3. forage fish
4. copepod
33. No, we could not see a leader.
34. The movement of the school of fish is directed by the fish swimming in the front.
35. When the fish live in a school they are better protected against predators. When a fish swims alone he is the only target for its predator, however when they swim in a school, the predator has to choose one. This will cause the other fish to survive.
36.
37. Solitary, they were swimming alone.
38. Yes they have a territory.
39. They feel protected in their own territory and this way they can show dominance.
40.
41. Commensalism, because the barnacles benefit from living on the shield of the sea turtle, but there is no clear disadvantage for the turtles.
42. A cardinalfish hides in the sea-urchin for protection from predators
.
43. Commensalism, because the cardinalfish benefit, they have a hiding place. The sea cucumber however, does not benefit from this, but it also does not have a disadvantage.