Another type of feedback is indirect feedback. It is a strategy of providing feedback commonly used by teachers to help students correct their errors by giving indication that an error exists without providing the correct form (Ferris & Roberts, 2001). When is indirect feedback used? When teachers only indicate in some way to make students aware that there is an existent error in their writing and do not provide the students with the correction. In doing so, teachers give some suggestions by providing general clues regarding the location and nature or type of an error such as an underline, a circle, a code, a mark, or a highlight on the error, and ask the students to correct the error themselves (Lee, 2008; O’Sullivan & Chambers, 2006). For …show more content…
A previous study (Lalande, 1982), which involved 60 German foreign language learners, compared two different methods of error correction: direct correction and indirect correction reported that students receiving indirect corrective feedback made considerably greater gains than students who received direct corrective feedback from the teacher. Or Chandler’s (2003) result of her study shows that indirect feedback with underlining on students’ mistakes is a preferred alternative to direct feedback in a multiple-draft setting as indirect correction engages the students in the correction process and engages them