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Utility Maximization Theory

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To strengthen the theoretical basis of this area and throw light on further research, an integrated theoretical framework is proposed. This part outlines the relationships between privacy antecedents, privacy belief, privacy-driven behavioral intention and privacy behavior on marketing basis. Most of the relationships (either positive or negative) between concepts/constructs are clearly specified in the corresponding literature, although some concepts, such as personality traits, may have varied effects depending on the particular personalities studied.
To study the formation of online consumers' information privacy concern and its effect, scholars from different perspectives applied multiple theories in research. To date, there has yet to be a systematic review and integration of the theories in literature. The rise of social media application popularity is …show more content…

The theory suggests that a person's intention to disclose personal information is based on a calculus of behavior (i.e., privacy calculus) in which potentially competing factors are weighed in light of possible outcomes. Specifically, consumers perform the risk-benefit analysis in the privacy calculus and decide whether to disclose information based on the net outcomes (Bagozzi, 2000).
The utility maximization theory is the variation of economic exchange theories in the social exchange domain (Solis, 2010). The tenet of the theory is to maximize the total utility or satisfaction by a person. In terms of information privacy, it depicts the utility function of information disclosure as the difference between expected benefits (such as monetary incentive and personalized service) and expected costs (such as consumer privacy concerns and risks), and suggests an optimal or equilibrium point between the two, which determines the amount of information the person is willing to

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The “Nothing-to-Hide Argument” Analyzed: In this rhetorical analysis, I will be taking a look at Daniel J. Solove’s essay “The Nothing-to-Hide Argument,” which is about privacy in the context of personal information and government data collection (Solove 734). Solove’s main argument in his essay is that the general public has a narrow perception of what privacy really is. The purpose behind his main argument is to expose the problems with the nothing-to-hide argument while presenting a way to challenge it for his target audience, government officials. Solove’s argument to his target audience is effective through his exemplary use of substance, organization, and style in his essay.

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Some of the main features of information sharing are this: 1. Justify the purpose(s) for using confidential

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Nowadays, “privacy” is becoming a popular conversation topic. Many people believe that if they do not do anything wrong in the face of technology and security, then they have nothing to hide. Professor Daniel J. Solove of George Washington University Law School, an internationally known expert in privacy law, wrote the article Why Privacy Matters Even if You Have ‘Nothing to Hide’, published in The Chronicle of Higher Education in May of 2011. Solove explains what privacy is and the value of privacy, and he insists that the ‘nothing to hide’ argument is wrong in this article. In the article, “Why Privacy Matters Even if You Have ‘Nothing to Hide’”, Daniel J. Solove uses ethos, pathos, and logos effectively by using strong sources, using

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3a) free market view employs informed consent. The organization collecting the information must clearly inform the provider of such information if they will not keep it confidential and how they plan to use it while the consumer protection, consumers are protected against abuses and carelessness by the businesses collecting the information and also protected against their own lack of knowledge and judgment. The consumer protection sees privacy as a right while free market simply post privacy policy and it is up to the user to decide. In the free market, the individual is responsible as it respects the rights and ability of consumers to make choice for themselves based on their own values while of that of a consumer protection, the business is liable for any errors which may

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Death is a recurring theme in this book. Not only is death explained as being sad, but what is kind of weird is how death can be seen as sort of a happy thing. Dying, in general, is sad. But the whole ordeal of it can bring people together, or fix relationships that have been broken. In the case of Tuesdays With Morrie, by Mitch Albom, Morrie and Mitch were separated due to the fact that Mitch cared more about his job than the most important things in life; love, work, community, family, aging, forgiveness, and the main theme, death.

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Background: Technological advances have made way for various avenues of communication such as text and multimedia messaging. Since its induction, social media has captivated users of all ages and has become a common staple in households across the United States and has had a significant impact on American culture.

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Singer's theory of preference utilitarianism rests on the idea that everyone's preferences should be looked at equally. This means that all living and sentient beings have interests, can feel pain and pleasure. Preferences, in this case, does not mean happiness necessarily. Looking at happiness specifically, is another type of utilitarianism that will be discussed further in the later part of this essay. Singer includes people with severe disabilities, animals, intelligent aliens, and infants to the list of beings that need to be considered.

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P3 interpret and assess relevant data statistics to illustrate how micro and small business impact on the economy. Micro and small business may not produce as much money as large business organisations but they are very essential and are most important donor to the economy. Micro and small business can be regarded as the building blocks of the economy. Following are the impacts of micro and small business in the economy: • Economic growth: micro and small business contributes to the economy by bringing growth to the area where the business has been established. By providing the employment opportunities to the unemployed people the micro and small business helps in motivating the economic growth.

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"While the Internet-based economy provides many benefits, it also raises new concerns for maintaining the privacy of information. “Internet privacy is the privacy and security level of personal data published via the Internet. It is a broad term that refers to a variety of factors, techniques and technologies used to protect sensitive and private data, communications, and preferences.”[1] As the federal government’s National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA)[2] explains: Every day, billions of people around the world use the Internet to share ideas, conduct financial transactions, and keep in touch with family, friends, and colleagues. Users send and store personal medical data, business communications, and even intimate conversations over this global network.

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Empirical data was collected using a survey tool through structured face to face interviews. The qualitative data obtained shows while social media has its benefits, there are negative impacts on the

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Technology is growing at a fast pace and every day we see a new product or service that is available. Many times it is hard to even keep up with the latest phone, computer, game console, or software. There are so many different gadgets to choose from and even the internet is on information overload. As a result, we can no longer truly expect to have privacy.

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Does social media have a positive impact on society Social media, a form of electronic communication channel which is useful for sharing information, pictures, personal texts, ideas, is one of the most popular technologies today. However, in recent years, the question of whether social media is a positive or negative trend has been raised. Although some people argue that social media has a negative impact on society, I believe that social media is beneficial for society in a number of ways. Firstly, social media makes communication a lot easier than before. In the past, most people used phones and letters for communicating with others; they were not an effective way of communication because they were time consuming and not instant.

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Chapter 1 Background of the Study Introduction In the contemporary world, most people use social media for news, entertainment, to seek information and to be updated every day. Nowadays, the use of social media has greatly changed how people interact with other people. Today, most people only consider the benefits that the social media brought to the people without thinking about the possible negative implications of using it.

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Frameworks and Theories Surrounding Social Media Uptake The overwhelming success of social media has been to date continuously investigated by academic researchers and practitioners. Several existing theories from various fields in social science such as information technology, economics and social psychology have been extended in the area of social media to explain its adoption. Here we discuss some of the key theories and frameworks frequently mentioned in social media literature: One of the earliest social science theory applied is the Diffusion of Innovation (DoI) Theory first developed by E. M. Rogers in 1962.

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