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Foucault's discipline and punishment david garland sage publishing
Foucault's discipline and punishment david garland sage publishing
Foucault's discipline and punishment david garland sage publishing
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In the disappearance of punishment as a spectacle, a private sphere of pain and punishment emerges, one that came under the guise of “humanity” (Foucault 8). Though bodily pain was still present in this new sphere, it was often hidden, especially from the public eye. This punishment focused on interiorization, the punishment of the soul, a punishment shaping the souls of inmates through “supervision and constraint” (Foucault 29). This creates a fake illusion of humane-ness within the criminal justice system. In Moore’s election of death by firing squad, the proceduralization, or “timetable” that Foucault explores is made clear through the details of the process.
Governmentality refers to the way in which power operates through the management and control of populations. In Ashley's case, the criminal justice system used punishment and control as a means of managing and controlling her behavior, rather than providing her with the care and support she needed. Overall, Foucault's theories provide a framework for understanding the ways in which power operates in the criminal justice system, and how this power is used to control and manage individuals who are seen as deviant or dangerous. Ashley's case reflects the ways in which power operates through the disciplinary society, power-knowledge, and governmentality, and highlights the need for a more compassionate and supportive approach to individuals with mental health issues within the criminal justice
The inner moral compulsion to obey is what drives most social organizations. Sykes (2007) described several structural defects that occurred in the New Jersey State prison. Sykes (2007) argues that power in prison is not based on authority therefore prison officials have to find other means to get prisoners to abide by the rules and regulations. The ability to use force to maintain order on a large scale in the prison is an illusion. According to Sykes (2007), Certain privileges such mailing and visiting, personal possessions, time-off for good behavior etc. are given to the inmate all at once upon his or her arrival to the prison.
In this prison, inmates were subject to psychological abuses and absolute isolation. This “…demonstrated that the state’s power was in fact growing rather than shrinking, at least with regard to punishment” (Berger,
The first aspect relates to the social control imposed by the upper class upon lower classes and those who do not integrate into society. The textbook classified this as the conflict view; the upper class uses the law as an instrument to maintain their own power while controlling and in the context of this article, confining and expelling those who violate long-held values and societal roles. Judges usually come from the upper class, and their sentences reflect their bias against those unlike them. Consequently, these sentences must be dispensed in a way to create a deterrent effect. While it is easy to ascribe these increased sentences as specific deterrence for offenders, a closer look reveals their true purpose of general deterrence.
The Criminal Justice system is one of the most important vessels within society due to its role in ensuring that society is abiding by its laws and holding those who transgress these laws to account. Despite its crucial role in society, it has also been under some scrutiny in regards to how effective it actually is, which results in arguments that it doesn’t properly fulfil its job as a carrier of justice. A focus on the criminal justice system is a subject of interest because it helps us understand the tension within society between individual rights and freedoms. (Schmalleger, F. and Koppel, T, 1999) Thus, this essay will be arguing that the criminal justice system is indeed broken.
One major difference between the Middle Ages and The Renaissance was the attitude towered ancient classical works by the Greeks and the Romans. The Middle ages saw a suppression of classical works and thinking, regarding it as dangerous to the moral and spiritual health of the society. While the Renaissance witnessed a resurgence in the popularity and critical analysis of the ideas put down by Greek and Roman writers and thinkers. The second difference is in the organizational structures of political power and kingdoms.
In the 1700s, for example, the righteous pedestal royals were placed upon dictated the incredibly harsh and cruel punishments. Treason was repaid with unfathomable public torture. Before the 19th century, jails were used to store people prior to trial, in accordance with a system based upon the “law of retaliation.” The possibility of reformation had only begun its introduction during the end of the Enlightenment period, a time of progressive intellectual change that is somewhat mirrored today. When considering the current state of America’s prison system, it is key to examine its European roots, and those that followed with the Colonial period.
On August third, 1914, on the night that England first entered World War I, British statesman Edward Grey wrote, “The lamps are going out all over Europe; we shall not see them lit again in our life.” Many people in Europe died during the years that followed. People fought each other in the most dreadful ways. Everyone was affected in some way. Despite World War I being the biggest war in modern history to date, what it really did that was even worse is that it set the stage for World War II.
Lastly, there are some errors in Foucault’s claiming of the changing timing in the Western penal system. It shows that the number of crimes punished by the death penalty increased to the early 19th century not fell as well as corporal punishment was still often used in 19th
While we prefer life in jail, they preferred death. To conclude, a significant extent of the nature of crime and punishment changed between social classes and over the years since the Medieval Period. This is seen through the significant groups that were involved in medieval crime and punishment, the effects of a person’s social class on crime and punishment, the sort of crime each punishment was used for and the difference between crime and punishments between the Medieval Period and today. The Medieval Period lasted from 476 CE to 1453 CE, with different punishments for each crime committed by different social
Foucault came up with propositions regarding sexuality. He consistently argued that it is of the essence to comprehend passion in what he defined as power rather than just understanding sexuality regarding the law, countering the repressive hypothesis. In trying to analyze the existing relationship between history, energy, and knowledge, Foucault came up with four rules that were consequently applied in the comprehension of sexuality including the provision of immanence, the state of continual variations, the practice of double conditioning and the rule of tactical polyvalence of the discourses. In analyzing the rules, a question arises; why does Foucault believe that these rules are vital in understanding sexuality?
Summary Foucault work of “The Gentle Way in Punishment” describes the shift from the excessive force of the sovereign towards a more generalized and controlled forms of punishment. It emphasizing on transforming and improving the individual into a socius through public works and introspection. It discusses the crime and how it is dealt with in a more rehabilitating sense that specific crime need specific moral counterparts. For example, those who are lazy give the counterpart of work.
Based on Stuart Hall’s (2006) discussion of Foucault’s theory of discourse, a discourse is generally consisting of a group of statements that together offer a way of talking about a par-ticular knowledge on a certain topic. Many individuals can produce it together, in different institutional settings. The discourse thereby enables the construction of a topic in a specific way which at the same time limits other constructions of the same topic. A discourse is made up not only from one but a multiplicity of statements that all share the same style to talk about the same topic. However, it is not a closed off system, it draws statements from and into other discourses.
Athena Kennedy Philosophy Professor Berendzen Kant vs. Foucault December 1, 2015 Kant vs. Foucault Humans question their surroundings every day, weather it is “is how I am acting the way I want to portray myself,” “am I doing the right thing in this situation?” All questions can and should be debated, In philosophy we find new ways to questions everything, weather it is another’s opinion or our own, we form new ways of thinking critically and new ways to obtain answers that will satisfy our thirst for knowledge. Philosophers believe that you need to be able to question everything because there is always new knowledge out there for us to absorb and to question. In critical thinking you evaluate an issue you believe is present in order
