Gcse1 Enzyme Lab

Abstract This experiment showed that temperature, concentration and pH all affect the rate of enzyme reaction differently. Enzymes are very important in organisms and therefore understanding how and why they work the way they do in specific conditions is crucial. The results showed that an increase in temperature would also increase the reaction rate, until a temperature that was too high, where the enzymes began to denature and therefore the rate of reaction was slowed down. As concentration was increased, the reaction rate continued to increase. The higher the concentration, the more rapid increase in reaction rate occurred. The alkaline phosphatase worked best in alkaline conditions, having a pH of 11. The results found in this experiment

Enzymes are essential in the body because without them, the chemical reactions would take place too slowly and we would die as a result. Depending on the type of enzyme will depend on its job. Enzymes also help with cell growth and communication, by keeping these under control. BACE1 is an enzyme that is found in the brain. This enzyme can be found in the highest activity levels in the brain, specifically in neuron cells and tissues. This enzyme was also found to be acidic. BACE1 has been found to possibly increase due to chronic injury and stress, and may cause harmful side effects when Beta-Amyloid is overproduced. (Vassar. R., Cole. S. L., (2007)). This enzyme is related to Alzheimer’s disease, as it has been found to be a major role in the pathogenesis of the disease. (Mol. J., (2004) ; 23 (1-2):105-14.). When pH, temperature and concentration are increased, the rate of reaction will also increase as a

15 mL of Solution A and B were mixed together to form solution F. Eight cuvettes were labeled distinctly as 1a, 2a, 3a, 4a, 1b, 2b, 3b, 4b, where “a” cuvettes were used for the concentration experiment and “b” cuvettes were used for the temperature experiment. Cuvette 1, the blank tube was prepared and the spectrophotometer was set to 405 nm. The enzyme was added, upon being ready to start the experiment, to tube 1 which then became tube “1a.” 3 mL of solution F was added to each cuvette, both “a” and “b.” The “b” cuvettes were then placed in their specific temperatures, 1b in the fridge, 2b in room temperature, 3b in a 32 degrees Celsius water bath and 4b in a 60 degree water bath. The temperature was recorded using a thermometer that was placed in the surroundings of the tube. The cuvettes were retrieved from their respected conditions. 100 micro liters of solution C was added to cuvette 1b, 2b, 3b and 4busing a micropipette, the cuvette was covered with Para film in order to be mixed, then removed and was placed in the spectrophotometer. The absorbance was recorded immediately, then every thirty seconds for five minutes. Different volumes of solution C were added to cuvettes 1a-4a. 100 micro liters to 1a, 400 microliters to 2a, 200 micro liters to 3a and 500 micro liters to 4a. The cuvettes were then covered with Para film and mixed; the Para film was then removed before the cuvette was placed in the spectrophotometer. The