Homosexuality as a pathology
In the 18th century arose to explain the idea of homosexual inclinations as a kind of natural anomaly, a disease (this concept was a special case of Lombroso’s theory: a person is born as a criminal). With the development in the 19th century of clinical psychopathology and psychiatry, homosexuality was understood as a mental disorder. Finally, in the 20th century, the concept of homosexuality as a disease was developed in Hitler's Germany as an understanding of homosexuality as an irremovable genetic defect, the natural inferiority of the individual.
Unlike all previous ways of conceptualizing homosexuality, the biomedical approach to it does not focus on certain concrete actions or behaviours of the subject, but
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The social harm of homosexuality was also put under doubt by researchers of that century. Throughout the 20th century the conceptualization of homosexual attraction as a personality trait (most likely congenital) that does not require either medical or legal intervention is widespread.
Homosexuals and society
There are not so many homosexuals in comparison to heterosexual men, but, nevertheless, they play a significant role in society as a social group. Since homosexuals are a sexual minority, people started to talk about discrimination. Soften attitude towards gays made it possible to organise a gay movement that propagated the acceptability of homosexuality and required legislative measures that would guarantee them equality in all public spheres.
Movement for the rights of sexual and gender minorities
(LGBT movement, LGBT - the abbreviation of the first letters of the word lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) seeks to achieve changes in legislation aimed at ensuring the rights of sexual and gender