How Does Ocean Patterns Affect The Atmosphere?

The atmosphere is made up of 4 layers. In order from the farthest, there is the thermosphere, the mesosphere, the stratosphere, and the troposphere. The thermosphere is the outermost layer, where the Auroras occur (also known as the Northern and Southern Lights), and is extremely hot, with the heat increasing with distance from the Earth. This temperature increase is caused by the absorption of energetic ultraviolet and X-Ray radiation from the sun. Below the thermosphere is the mesosphere, where the temperature decreases with distance. This is also where meteors tend to burn up. Next is the stratosphere, where the ozone is contained. The stratosphere around the poles contain polar stratospheric clouds (polar vortex) which appear to help cause the formation of holes in the ozone layer. The ozone hole is caused by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). CFCs escape into the atmosphere from old refrigerators, cars, air conditioners, and aerosols. It may take a few years for CFCs to escape the troposphere and enter the stratosphere, and then even longer to develop into harmful forms, but they have long lifetimes. Under

Ocean patterns in part of the world can drastically affect the weather in another part of the world. This is shown with El Nino, and La Nina, also known as the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. El Nino and La Nina are phenomena caused by the varying temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean every 2-7 years. El Nino occurs when the ocean is unusually warm, while La Nina is the opposite, with unusually cold waters. Global climate change has had an incensing effect on ENSO (Funk et. Al 2018 Jan.) ENSO occurs when trade winds that usually blow from South America towards the west, reverse. This allows warm water from the west to flow towards South America. This suppresses upwelling off the coast of South America, and can affect global fish patterns, and the weather in North America, Africa, and southeast