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Psychodynamic And Humanistic Psychology

1461 Words6 Pages

There are six major perspectives in psychology such as the behavioral approach, the psychodynamic approach, the cognitive approach, the humanistic approach, the social approach and the biological approach in order to understand its nature (Jarvis, 2000, p. 1). In this paper, I will define the psychodynamic approach and the humanistic approach and compare them. Psychodynamic Perspective Psychodynamic perspective is focused on the unconscious processes such as emotions, wishes etc., relationships (most importantly parenting) and childhood experiences (Jarvis, 2000, p. 31). Also, psychodynamic perspective is composed of both a personality theory and a motivation theory (Glassman & Hadad, 2004, p. 204). The founder of psychodynamic perspective …show more content…

60-61). In humanistic perspective, people have free will and have the power of shaping the future on their own and also people know what is best for them. Moreover, the aim of humanistic psychology is to make people make their own choices and fulfill their potential. The pioneers of the humanistic perspective are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. 1. The actualizing tendency Rogers (1959) claimed that every human’s goal in life is fulfill their potentials, or in another words, actualizing (as cited in Jarvis, 2000, p. 62). Rogers believed that if the conditions and environment is good enough, people will fulfill their potentials and reach the highest level of being a human. Furthermore, Rogers claimed that every person has a unique potential and due to the personality differences, people will develop in different ways. Rogers (1961) claimed that self-esteem is very important in accordance with the self concept and self-esteem can be explained as the level of liking ourselves (as cited in Jarvis, 2000, pp. 62-63). Rogers believed that we have an image of the ideal-self and who we really are and if these two images are the same, than we will have a good …show more content…

7). Furthermore, the psychodynamic and the humanistic approach are both take the view that these approaches are not strictly scientific, yet they still use scientific methods and conduct scientific research (Jarvis, 2000, p. 8). Finally, a humanistic psychologist Rogers’s ideas, just like psychodynamic psychologist Freud’s ideas are derived from several cases and this is interpreted as subjective and depends on how the psychologists interpreted of these cases (Jarvis, 2000, p. 65). Contrasts In humanistic psychology people have free will but there is no free will (determinism) in psychodynamic approach (Jarvis, 2000, p. 60). Humanistic approach is developed because of the limitations of behavioral and psychodynamic approaches (Jarvis, 2000, p. 61). Moreover, humanistic approach is taken a positive perspective unlike the psychodynamic perspective. Lastly, humanistic perspective’s theories are more subjective and hard to be tested compared to the psychodynamic approach (Jarvis, 2000, p. 74).

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