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The humanistic approach theory
Criticism of gardner's multiple intelligences
Criticism of gardner's multiple intelligences
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Dr. Derek Cabrera’s thought on metacognition, human and education is absorbing. He shares perspectives on four universal thinking skills: Distinctions; “Systems; Relationships; and Perspectives (DSRP)” that should be taught in learning institutions. Dr. Cabrera states, “Thinking is simply a process of structuring information and doing something meaningful with it.” Dr. Cabrera also argues that people lack critical analytical thinking, great at school work, but not real life situation. Education needs to be fixed from the bottom up; that can be accomplished by teaching thinking skills.
Ivan Pavlov, best known for classical conditioning. B.F. Skinner who was known for operant conditioning and Edward Thorndike, known for the law of effect. What is Humanistic psychology? This approach underscores the study of the whole person. Humanistic psychologists observe the human behavior, not only through the eyes of the observer, but also through the eyes of the person behaving.
Intelligence comes in a wide variety; it’s not only measured by one’s knowledge of books and performance in the classroom, but when it comes to measuring the intelligence of an individual you will always have controversial responses. Academic Intelligence is clearly not seen through Gerald Graff and Mark Rose’s essays. In Gerald Graff’s work entitled, “Hidden Intelligence”, he covers the points on his personal opinion on how intelligence is not found in people who are “book smart”, but also in those who are “street smart”. Similar to Graff’s essay, Mark Rose touches upon the idea that people who spend more of their time in a more academic environment are not as intelligent as those who don’t. Although both Graff and Rose touch upon similar ideas with minimal differences, they both view each of the problems with different perspectives by creating solutions to their
First of all, the perception of a student’s intelligence
(Page 8 &9) 9. A: A. The Humanistic Perspective is a school that believes, unlike the Psychodynamic Perspective, that the study of psychology should focus in on only the conscious experiences. They believe that we should only study and read into the behaviors that we can see, even if they can’t be measured. (Page 9 & 10)
While there might be multiple ways to measure intelligence, one way psychologist Howard Grader described intelligence was by dividing it in 8 segments. Individuals may be more smarter in one segment than the other , making everyone's sense of intelligence unique to the way we learn. This model suggests that schools, especially for the middle childhood years (6-12) be by using a variety of teaching instruments and rather than the traditional reading, writing, and arithmetic basis of learning. Gardner's eight intelligences are- musical, bodily kinetics, logical mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.
It seems that the feedback loop allows students to reflect on both strengths and weaknesses, in order to place focus on setting realistic goals for improvement. The theory of multiple intelligences proposed by Howard Hardener, is engrained in the belief that human have several ways of processing information (Morgan, 2021). An ongoing dialogue between teachers and students provides an opportunity for both verbal and written modalities for communication exchange, supporting the beliefs of Hardener’s theory of multiple
The two intelligences that are taught in schools are logical/mathematical intelligence and verbal/linguistic intelligence. 3. The other five include spatial, musical, kinesthetic, interpersonal and intrapersonal which are all incredibly important in order to function in today’s society. II. The pressure that is applied by standardized testing is unhealthy to a learning environment.
Humanistic psychologists believe that an individual's behavior is connected to his or her inner feelings and self-image. The humanistic perspective centers on the view that each person is unique and individual, and has the free will to change at any time in his or her lives. It also suggests that people are each responsible for their own happiness and well-being as humans. “ I consulted a Dr. Cochrum at the University Health Center and asked him to recommend someone that I could consult with about some psychiatric disorder I felt I had. I talked with a doctor once for about two hours and tried to convey to him my fears that I felt overcome by overwhelming violent impulses.
Intelligence is a complex topic. Howard and Sternberg have been quite successful in helping spread the knowledge about the meaning of intelligence and application of this knowledge to education. There is no clear agreement as to what constitutes IQ or how to measure it. There is an extensive and continually growing collection of research on the topic. Intelligence is a combination of the ability to learn: this includes all kind of formal and informal learning, pose problem: recognizing problem situations and transforming them into more clearly defined problems, and lastly, solve problems: accomplishing task, fashioning products, and doing complex projects.
Theories that as future educator will need to be understood and explored. Some if not all these theory’s will be used in the classroom. Vygotsky, Piaget, Bruner, and Bloom all set out to establish a foundation for education, whether through building skills such as pre-reading, language, vocabulary, and numeracy. It becomes the educators job to implement theories into the classroom for children's cognitive development. The theorist discussed in this paper, have had made a profound effect on
Intrapersonal: an individual’s understanding of one’s self such as controlling their thoughts which can be further specified into strengths and weaknesses. Advantages/strengths of Howard Gardner’s theory: 1. Helps to explain that an individual has a variety of different understandings in different types of multiple intelligence. 2. The theory was based upon educational evidence and case studies.
Gardner’s effort on multiple intelligences from past two decades has been quite significant. It was identified that intelligence is basically the ability for solving issues that are actually valued with in the cultural practice. According to Meunier (2003), when adults are able to learn from their lives from multiple intelligence models, they are able to find liberation in inspecting potentials which were never developed or highlighted. Programs for self-development from hobbies, programs and courses can mainly re-integrate the native intelligences of an individual in a way that can be satisfying from personal perspective. Discussion When it comes to multiple intelligence types and factors involved in clinical practices, we often realize
In today’s society, a large amount of emphasis is placed on getting good grades. Day in and day out students are told that getting good grades is detrimental to their future. Unfortunately what many students are not told is that their intelligence is not defined by the marks they receive, but rather intelligence is defined by so much more than a letter on a report card. Albert Einstein once said, “Everyone is a genius, but if you judge a fish by its ability to climb a tree, it will live its whole life believing it is stupid.
With the aid of the two counseling theories, Roger’s personality theory and Adlerian personality theory, I managed to make a personal self-reflection on my values, attitudes, beliefs and how became who am I today. I certainly have an affinity for humanistic approach because it emphasized that every person has their own unique way to perceive and make sense of world. It also focused more understanding people’s subjectivity. The theory under humanistic approach that helped to reflect and gain insight about myself is Carl Roger’s personality theory. The reason I chose this theory because I feel it holds true to my personality development compared and I like his concept and emphasis on the importance of the self-actualizing tendency in shaping human personalities.
