ipl-logo

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Study

2715 Words11 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy specimin

FIG : NORMAL HEART FIG : HYPERTROPHIC HEART
(Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,Cleveland clinic)
Above figure in the left shows physiology of the normal heart while the right one shows physiology of hypertrophic heart having leaky mitral valve, thickened septum and narrowed outflow tract.
Symptoms of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: (Marian Ali .,2010)
• Arrhythmias: This condition mainly occurs when heart rhythms of the patient are irregular due to improper flow of blood from the heart to rest of the body. This could further lead to cardiac failure along with sudden death of the patient.
• Syncope: It does not occur frequently but usually in patients having left ventricular outflow …show more content…

When both left ventricular hypertrophy and right atrial enlargement is present, this a strong indication of HCM.
• Left axis deviation
• Deeply inverted T waves
(Gersh BJ, et al. 2011) Fig : ECG of Left ventricular hypertrophy Fig : ECG of normal heart.
( uptodate, 2014)
The above ECG figure in left shows ST-T wave abnormalities which is the indication of left ventricular hypertrophy where as the ECG figure in the right shows the normal echocardiogram having normal sinus rhythm at a rate of 75 beats/min, PR interval of 0.14 sec, a QRS interval of 0.10 sec, and a QRS axis of approx. 75°.
Echocardiography
Generally there are two types of echocardiography is performed for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Transthoracic echocardiogram: transducer is placed over the chest to aim the ultrasound beam to heart ( HCM, MAYO CLINIC)
Transesophageal echocardiogram: transducer is to the throat with the help of flexible tube and ultrasound is produced. This is rarely done, performed only if it is difficult to get clear image of heart by standard echocardiogram (HCM, MAYO CLINIC) Fig : echocardiogram showing HCM
(Maron BJ, et al, …show more content…

III. Familial and senile amyloid heart disease : familial amyloid heart disease is inherited and is caused due to overproduction of protein transthyretin ,which is produced in the liver while senile amyloid heart disease is caused due to deposits of normal protein transthyretin in heart tissues (Cleveland clinic.,2014).

B ) HEMOCHROMATOSIS :
It is also known as bronze diabetes occurs when exceesive loads of iron get deposited in sarcoplasmic reticulum of organs. This can lead to excessive fibrosis and cell death and may also result in dilated or restrictive cardioyopathy (Sisakian H.,2014).
C ) SARCOIDOSIS : It is a disease resulting in granulomas formation in myocardium that cause restrictive cardiomyopathy and mostly leads to dilated cardiomyopathy ,also it can be found in patients with splenomegaly, skin rashes or having cardiomyopathy (Cleveland clinic.,2014).
Diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy
It is one of the rarest cardiomyopathy. It is difficult to diagnose in the early stage due to lack of symptoms. Diagnosis of restrictive cardiomyopathy is based on the
1. Examination of patient
2. Test.
Physical exam: A physical may show
• Enlarged or bulging neck veins
• Enlarged

Show More
Related

Nt1330 Unit 5

380 Words | 2 Pages

Cardiologist is a doctor who is specialized in heart and blood vessel

Read More

Unit V Cardiovascular System

760 Words | 4 Pages

Pathophysiology When Pulmonary Stenosis is present, resistant to blood flow cause right ventricular hypertrophy – right atrial pressure will increase – reopening of the foramen ovale, shunting of unoxygenated blood into the left atrium, systemic circulation. Clinical manifestation: Cyanosis, characteristic murmur , cardiomegaly . Treatment: Baloon angioplasty (neonate).

Read More

Amiodarone Study

1273 Words | 6 Pages

Figure 1 shows the electrocardiogram (ECG) after the angiography. A carotid endarterectomy was performed 5 months before due to an atheroembolic stroke. During the postoperative period, she presented atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response and amiodarone was added to her habitual treatment. Her current treatment is ASA 325 mg/day, atenolol 50 mg bid, enalapril 20 mg bid and amiodarone 200 mg bid. One month before the event she attended the outpatient clinic and an echocardiogram was performed, which showed: normal left ventricular dimensions, wall thickness mildly increased, normal left atrium and aorta, mild left ventricular dysfunction with an estimated ejection fraction of 50%, hypokinetic basal inferior and mid inferior segments and mitral inflow filling pattern of delayed relaxation (according to her age).

Read More

Ap Psychology Case Study Answers

606 Words | 3 Pages

Pulmonary: Chest wall symmetric, respirations even and unlabored. Lungs CTA. Cardiac: Sinus tachycardia, NL S1, S2. No murmurs or rubs.

Read More

Atrial Septal Defect Essay

1039 Words | 5 Pages

Normally blood entering the right side of the heart stays on the right side (this is low-oxygen blood), and blood on the left side of the heart stays on the left side (this is oxygen-rich blood) which is then pumped to the rest of the body. But in this particular condition when a defect or "hole" is present between the ventricles (or lower chambers), blood from the left side of the heart is forced through the defect to the right side every time the heart beats. It then goes back to the lungs even though it is already rich in oxygen. Because of this, blood that is not yet oxygen-rich can 't get to the lungs. The most common signs and symptoms are trouble eating and gaining weight, breathlessness and easy fatigability in

Read More

Patient's Case Study: Syncope

2129 Words | 9 Pages

These are the causes in order of the most common to the less common: 4.1. Vasovagal causes: This group is the most common etiology of syncope as it accounts for approximately 30–80% of all syncope episodes . It can be caused or provoked by several stimuli. The specific stimulus can be difficult to characterize, can be highly individualized, and can vary by physical and emotional state. Emotional stresses alone are common triggers and distinctly human (examples such as perception of danger, fear, or anxiety).The responsible reflex causing syncope can be “normal” and may be self-limited.

Read More

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

616 Words | 3 Pages

Case Study 2: CHF Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a disease process in which the cardiac function as a pump cannot meet the body requirements resulting in fluid buildup in tissues such as arms, abdomen, limbs, and lungs. Symptoms can include fatigue, edema, dyspnea, and reduced tolerance to activities. Causes of CHF are cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, etc. Cardiomyopathy is an illness that affects the myocardium (heart muscles) and includes three types: dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Managing a patient with this condition requires a proper treatment plan, techniques for education, and an all-inclusive teaching strategy.

Read More

Dextrocardia Research Paper

526 Words | 3 Pages

DEXTROCARDIA Dextrocardia is a rare heart condition where the hearts points to the right instead of the left side of the chest. It is congenital meaning person who has it was born with it. Less than one percent of the population is born with dextrocardia. There are two types of dextrocardia. One being embryonic arrest (or isolated dextrocardia your heart is facing the right side with no side affects).

Read More

Congestive Heart Failure Research Paper

689 Words | 3 Pages

Damaged heart valves, toxic exposure, such as alcohol, prolonged arrhythmias, and infections are all other causes

Read More

Case Study Cardiogenic Shock

1075 Words | 5 Pages

Because of this inability to contract effectively, the rest of the vital organs receive inadequate amount of blood resulting to inadequate tissue perfusion. There are two types of left-sided HF; systolic and diastolic failure. Systolic failure happens when the left ventricle doesn’t have the enough energy to pump normally the blood to the general circulation. As for diastolic failure, the left ventricle loses the ability to fill itself with blood during resting period resulting to inadequate amount of blood to be pumped out to the circulation (Weinrauch, 2008). The diastolic dysfunction will eventually lead to right-sided heart failure.

Read More

Coronary Heart Disease Analysis

778 Words | 4 Pages

If the blood flow to the heart muscles is restricted or blocked it may lead to further complications such as angina, heart attack or heart failure. If the blood flow isn 't restored in time the restricted heart muscles, they begin to die thus this is the start of a heart attack. The dying of the heart muscles is known as infarction. If to many heart

Read More

Congestive Heart Failure Study

791 Words | 4 Pages

Heart Failure (HF) occurs when the heart is unable to pump the necessary volume of blood to meet demands of tissue metabolism. This condition can be acute; it may have a fast onset or clinical change of signs and symptoms (Andrietta, Moreira, & Barros, 2011). The patient with heart failure presents with shortness of breath, cough, or difficulty breathing on activity. The patient often experiences acute exacerbation of symptoms resulting in hospitalization for medical management. Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) continues to be a major public health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality.

Read More

Mammalian Heart Dissection Lab Report

1584 Words | 7 Pages

Kent, M., 2013. Advanced biology, 2nd ed. Laizzo, P., 2016. HANDBOOK OF CARDIAC ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND DEVICES. SPRINGER, S.l.

Read More

Congestive Heart Failure Case Study

1482 Words | 6 Pages

Decreased Cardiac Output Vera (2013) asserted that decreased cardiac output may be related to valvular defects, altered myocardial contractility, and alterations in a person's heart rate and rhythm, and electrical conduction. This may also be evidenced by diaphoresis, extra heart sounds, increased heart rate, chest pain, edema, and decreased urine output (Vera, 2013). Ultimately, the patient is expected to display vital signs with acceptable limits, and he is also expected to have decreased episodes of dyspnea and angina, and a reduced cardiac workload (Vera, 2013). Deficient Knowledge Vera (2013) believed that deficient knowledge may be related to how a patient lacks understanding about the relationship of cardiac function and failure. This is evidenced by questioning and recurrent episodes of heart failure.

Read More

Essay On Heart Blockage

776 Words | 4 Pages

it\'s going to result to associate infection within the muscle as a result of a illness of the arteries, interference the guts valves and also the likes. medication is also prescribed to assist one with this type of issues. Pulmonary valve stricture (PVS) This condition happens once there\'s a thickening of 1 or additional valves within the heart cavity. this could result in blockage of the guts between those within which the condition has progressed in DVE a amount of your time.

Read More

More about Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Case Study

Related Topics

Open Document