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Incarceration Summary

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While the article covers recidivism the author tells us that the main goal of this article (2010) “The purpose of this study is to analyze the association of employment and incarceration for a sample of released prisoners in Texas” (p.707). This also covers the recidivism In the United States over the years. Incarceration rates went from the hundreds of thousands in the 1970’s to over 2 million by 2008 and this lead to major overcrowding. Which then lead to the largest amount of prisoners ever to have been released, causing difficultly for ex-prisoners in transition of prison life to home life. Most of them have been in prison for many years, and they lack the experience and social skills needed to get a good well paying job. Without a job within the first year of freedom they are more likely to go back to crime and eventually prison. …show more content…

A full time job gives them stability, and gives them something to go to everyday instead of being on the streets. Another reason they cannot find employment is because the majority of the better employers do not hire ex-prisoners because they do not believe the ex-prisoners would have the motivation or skills to show up to work. Vocational training programs have been funded in many states. These programs give the prisoners training while they are incarcerated so when they are released they have vital skills. The A process from the National Research Council includes three stages of behavioral change because they consider desistance from criminal behavior a behavioral change instead of an anticipated result. This study concludes that it is crucial that we need to cut recidivism, and if we cut reincarceration rates throughout the United States we would be able to shrink prison overcrowding and make our society

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In the article, Unwinding Mass Incarceration by Stefan Lobuglio and Anne Piehl, they argue that unwinding the mass incarceration “well neither be cheap nor easy, and to be done responsibly will require a new infrastructure of coordinated community-based facilities and services that can meet evidence-based incarceration needs while also ensuring public safety.” Hence, their argument is clean-cut with evidence in the article to back up their argument of unwinding the mass incarceration. Similarly, a solid fill of a concluding statement upon the unwinding of the mass incarceration as stated in the article, “requires much more than stopping current practices or reversing course by mass commutations and early release programs.” Subsequently, from this article, there are numerous interesting key points, and perspective of unwinding the mass incarceration.

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Because many parolees have felony convictions, it is difficult to find a job to pay such costs, leading probation officers to send individuals either back to jail or to the prisoner work crew that picks up trash on the side of the freeways for not complying with the terms of their probation. Similar to the vagrancy law Alexander (2012) describes post slavery where slaves that did not have employment was in violating the of law and sentence as slave labor to pay off their debt to the Criminal Justice

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Atkinson and Lockwood provide this statement in order to instill the idea that not only will previous convicts receive jobs, but the increase in jobs will lead to a decrease in recidivism rates, which will also heighten public

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According to the U.S. Department of Justice, there are currently over 2.2 million individuals serving time in federal and state prison, with 95 percent of those individuals being released and returning to their perspective communities across the nation. Majority of those individuals returning have needs that was either unaddressed while incarcerated or during the reentry process, which will negatively impact their ability to live a crime free productive life while in the community. Once released from prison, inmates are faced with a myriad of challenges such as finding stable housing, maintaining employment, combating substance abuse, and addressing physical and mental health problems. However, with the help of community support, offenders would less likely return back to prison and are

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After leaving prison, a felon is already viewed as not as important as a citizen who has never committed a crime. It can be very difficult to participate and take part in community activities such as getting a job. Felons feel unimportant and unwanted. It is unjust for felons to be treated this way. Several people who have been incarcerated have been interviewed on this topic.

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There are vocational programs to learn new skills that can help an inmate gain employment when he or she is released from prison. All of these programs mentioned can and will work if the inmate is willing to do them as well as

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They start a long winding road even outside of prison to get their lives back on track and need their family and community to help. As this topic comes up more and more, I hope that issues such as this come to light so that community can heal and those exonerated can become productive members of society again, as they deserve to

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My findings focused on the points that mass incarceration substantially affects families and jobs, which then become factors in the issue of recidivism. Moreover, these problems especially target minorities at high rates. To strengthen these points, I could have done more interviews, especially with past convicts or convicts who have returned to jail in order to get more first-hand experiences. As well as interviews with different ages of children exposed to incarceration to see if or how the effects differed. In the future, I hope to expand on the other ways incarceration affects lives, such as through health, especially mental health, or college opportunities.

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In accordance to the National Comorbidity Study negative risk factors that aide towards mental illness are low income, little education, and no occupation. Given these risks an individual is almost three times more likely to have a psychiatric disorder. Socioeconomic status regarding race, gender all play a prominent role. There are disparities that exist for released mental health inmates especially for minorities, they experience a great disadvantage of finding employment due to a criminal record and mental health status. To add mental health former inmates strive to survive however, given two weeks of medication, faced with poverty, and no other available resources as a consequence re-enter the prison system.

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When people get out of prison they are afraid of going back. They don't have a reason to change. Most people don't have a way of even getting a job once there out as stated here, ”I work in a medium security prison in North Carolina that serves young men ages 18 to 25. There is one segment of our population that no program addresses. This is the group that will probably never be able to get a GED, and therefore they do not qualify for many of the programs designed to help with job

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It can be difficult for past criminals to survive and make a living once they are out of jail (Alexander 2011). One of the first things a person is faced with is the amount of debt they have accrued while in jail. For example, current or former inmates are required to pay any program fees, restitution, child support, and any other fees in order to regain licenses or voting rights (Alexander 2011; Lobuglio and Piehl 2015). They are also forced to check the box indicating to employers that they have been convicted of a felony, making the application process stops there, regardless of what crime the person committed (Alexander 2011; Lobuglio and Piehl 2015). As if those set backs are not enough, former inmates are usually denied any government assistance including food stamps or government housing, forcing felons to stay with family members or desperately try to find somewhere they are allowed (Alexander 2011).

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The United States has a larger percent of its population incarcerated than any other country. America is responsible for a quarter of the world’s inmates, and its incarceration rate is growing exponentially. The expense generated by these overcrowded prisons cost the country a substantial amount of money every year. While people are incarcerated for several reasons, the country’s prisons are focused on punishment rather than reform, and the result is a misguided system that fails to rehabilitate criminals or discourage crime. This literature review will discuss the ineffectiveness of the United States’ criminal justice system and how mass incarceration of non-violent offenders, racial profiling, and a high rate of recidivism has become a problem.

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Life after incarceration, here today gone tomorrow. 95% of adults sentenced to prison will return to our communities, and reentry will be their first step back into society. Imagine have a thousand questions flooding one’s mind all at once. Where will I live, how will I survive, and contribute to the family, while maintaining to the stipulations of one’s parole/ probation, without risking freedom. The number one goal for those newly released back into society by way of the reentry program is to never return to the inside of a prison cell.

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Ex-prisoners who are do get employment have quite a bit of a lower

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If a prisoner is released on parole they will be subject to a considerable number of restrictions and requirements. They could be restricted to where they live, required to go to work or school, stay away from illegal drugs, and not get into any trouble with law enforcement officers(Larson). Prisoners believe that having a job would help them stay out of prison. One out of five inmates say that they have a job lined up when they get out (Prison systems in America). According to the inmates they believe having good housing is important for successful reentry back to

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