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Incentive Theory Of Motivation

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Job specific tasks Learning by doing gives students deliberative practice opportunities to address a course’s objectives, according to Ken Koedinge (2002), professor of human-computer integration and psychology and co-coordinators of the Simon Initiative. Teachers give a task to students because it has an objective to be pursued. Teacher knows what they are doing. They give student circumstances for student to become strong in facing any problem. The subject which the students encounter in school is the way for the student to mold their individuality. Some students do only a task coming from their teacher because it is required only for having a grade not in the mindset that they do that thing because they will learn. Some students fail …show more content…

William James (2014) shaped a record of human instincts such as thing as attachment, play, shame, anger, fear, shyness, modesty and love but there’s a problem in this theory which is this theory didn’t really clarify the behavior and it is just only described. There is also another theory of motivation which is the incentive theory of motivation that is divide in to two category which are the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, first is the intrinsic motivation which is you do a certain thing because you want to seek out new things and new challenges. It is determined by an interest or satisfaction in the task itself. The second one is the extrinsic motivation obviously it refers to the incentive that the person that will get after doing a tasks they are motivated to do things because they know at the end of the day they will get a reward. Like in school, students study hard because they know after the semester of their hard work would be paid off. They know that they will get a high grade if they study well. Next is the drive theory of motivation, this theory stated that people are motivated to make a certain thing to lessen the worry that is caused by unmet requirements. For example, students might be motivated to study for the sake of reducing the state of innocence. Another theory of motivation is the arousal theory of the motivation, this theory talks about the people who are motivated to do things to moreover decrease or increase the levels of arousals. According to this theory, people are motivated to constantly maintain the best possible level of arousal even this can contrast bases on the human being or the circumstances. Lastly is the humanistic theory motivation in particular illustrated by Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of need. It is all about on the idea that an individual also have a strong cognitive

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Individuals are motivated by external rewards or recognition. The motivation to engage in the activity comes from the desire to attain something external such as a social reward or money. It is important that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is used to obtain the optimal level of motivation. Extrinsic motivation can have a crowding out effect on intrinsic motivation when it is used in the means of controlling.

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Incentive Motivation – Believes that behavior is influenced through external goals or rewards. These help to bring out specific behavior. Arousal Theory – When arousal is too low, we become bored. When it is too high, we seek to reduce it. A balance is needed from this and it varies from person to person.

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According to my research, Maslow 's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. This theory wanted to understand what motivates people. Maslow believed that people possess a set of motivation systems unrelated to rewards or unconscious desires. He stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs and that some needs take precedence over others. Our most basic need is for physical survival, and this will be the first thing that motivates our behaviour.

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Erin Cummings once said that “At the end of the day, you are solely responsible for your success and your failure. And the sooner you realize that, you accept that, and integrate that into your work ethic, you will start being successful. As long as you blame others for the reason you aren't where you want to be, you will always be a failure.” Today kids are blinded by the idea that the reason why their performance on a subject is not where they want it to be is not their fault but the teachers fault. Students decide to take the easiest way out of their problems by blaming someone else.

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By recognizing that every student has talents and using them in an assignment or lesson, the students are more likely to buy into the lesson and in turn they should remember the lesson years down the

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Humanists believe the major motivations not life is the actualizing tendency, whereas existentialism claimed that the motivational force is to create meaning by effectively making choices. The most famous humanist - Maslow, developed the hierarchy of needs theory of human motivation. He suggested that people were motivated by increasing complex needs. (Brennan, J.F. 2003).

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If a person does not find something interesting or think that it will benefit them, they will not see any point of doing it. Many students don’t like to do their work because “They can achieve adequate grades without doing it, so they choose not to do it” (20 pros and cons). If a student does not find something interesting, they will create a hatred toward that subject. Homework has become that subject throughout schools and this comes from teachers forcing it on their plates. Also, students like to take the easy way out, showing that “Finding the answers to homework instead of figuring out the answers on one’s own is a constant temptation” (20 pros and cons).

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This theory is proposed by Araham Harold Maslow by year 1954. There are 5 different needs in this theory which consists of: Physiological; Safety; Belongingness; Need for esteem and Self-actualization. Maslow believed that a man being motivated by the needs he wants to satisfy. So, the fundamental needs must be satisfy in order to begin motivating behavior (Adiele and Abraham, 2013). 1) Physiological Physiological needs is fundamental and most basic need for human survival.

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs and the four principles of Ethics are also evident in this assignment. 1.1 Maslow Hierarchy of needs This pyramid concept was created by a psychologist named Abraham Maslow. [Figure 1] The most basic needs are at the base and the more complex needs of the patient is at the top of the pyramid ¹. The lower four needs are referred to as deficiency needs, these needs are due to a lack of something and they have to be satisfied to avoid unpleasantness.¹

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introduction Motivation has been defined as some driving force within an individual by which they attempts to achieve some goal in order to fulfill some needs or expectations (Mullins, 1996). Beside Mullins, some scholar also define motivation as the psychological process that gives behavior purpose and direction (Kreitner, 1995) ; A predisposition to behave in a purposive manner to achieve specific unmet needs (Buford, Bedeian, and Linder, 1995); An internal drive to satisfy an unsatisfied need (Higgins, 1994); and the will to achieve (Bedeian, 1993); All those inner-striving conditions described as wishes, desires, drives, etc. (Donnelly, Gibson, and Ivancevich 1995); and the way urges, aspirations, drives and needs of human beings direct

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In fact, individual emotional and motivational aspects should be considered [17]. Motivation is defined as a desire to make an attempt in order to perform duties and responsibilities and to use individual skills [18]. Academic motivation refers to behaviors that lead to learning and improvement [19]. It includes the tendency to perform well and to spontaneously evaluate one's own performance. Experts have devided motivation into two main groups, namely intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.

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Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs (Maslow, 1943) is one of the preeminent

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Motivation is essential for a group as well as an organization. In the eyes of the leader of organization McDonald’s, authorizing and inspiring staff members to do the best in their job and they’re capable of helps create job satisfaction, lowering gross revenue in an industry that has a standing for stimulating its employees. In addition, a glad, stable workforce not just conveys better customer service; it is likewise more compelling at building deals and attracting repeat business. There are five concentrate benefits of employee motivation which Mc Donald’s approached at: 1. Improved Productivity 2.

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According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory, there are five broad motivational needs classified into basic needs and growth needs (Kaur, 2013). The basic needs include, esteem, psychological, love and safety. On the other hand, growth needs involve self-actualization. In this regard, Maslow stipulated that individuals are motivated to attain certain needs (Kaur, 2013). These needs are arranged in such a way that the lower needs must be met before the higher ones.

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Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. This theory lies on the premise that people can rarely achieve their full potential without having met their basic needs; if the target population lacks of basic needs, any intervention that does not address this particular issue will fail. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is based on the physiological and psychological needs. Once these needs are covered, we will be able to engage someone to change habits in order to achieve our goals. It is highly important to recognize the target population and their basic needs.

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