Carl Jung's Therapeutic Relational Analysis

Introduction

The aforementioned quote is taken from Carl Jung’s publication ‘Man’s Search for Meaning’, whereby Jung addresses the convergence and mutual influence exerted between both client and therapist. Jung’s analytical psychology proposes that their fields of consciousness combine, forming the ultimate guiding force in human relations (Jung, 1933). Jung (1933) further states that this unison is essential for the therapeutic process and treatment. Following Jungian psychodynamic approach, various subsequent theories emerged attempting to explain the relational dynamics between therapist and client. Some of which included Eric Berne’s transactional analysis model, which includes various ego relational states determining the relational

The first part will include advocating theories from various approaches that highlight the importance of the therapeutic alliance. These theories would include Jung’s psychodynamic theory, Bordin’s theory of working alliance between client and therapist, and Eric Burne’s Transference styles. The latter would also be followed by a neuroscience perspective, explaining transference in therapeutic settings. The second part would comprise of theories which oppose client-therapist similarity. A critical approach will be adopted as well as relevant examples to the therapeutic context will also be given.

Jung’s Analytical Approach to the Therapeutic Relationship

Jung’s approach digressed from Freudian deterministic psychology, with an emphasis on the development of the human psyche and its potential throughout the lifespan. In opposition to Freud, Jung advocated an open, engaging and empathic relationship between both client and therapist (Hill & Mullen, 1992).

Jung (1933) proposed that the ultimate aim of therapy is a joint transformation, which mutually takes place between client and therapist. At this stage, the relationship becomes critical, whereby the therapist acts as a medium through which change is possible through his influence on his patients. Jung places importance on the client and therapist interaction, rather than the methodologies adopted. It is through this interaction that one can become his true self and transcendence

I believe that this connectedness enables a trusted relationship to flourish, helping the patient feel competent and supported to move forward. Nonetheless, Jung theory is vague and does not stipulate the technicalities involved in the development of the relationship and any pre-determining factors. This was further followed up by Eric Burne in his model of transactional analysis.

Eric Burne’s Model of Transactional Analysis

Eric Burne (1957) proposed that social interaction and behaviour is driven by ego states which are unconsciously formed.

The parent ego state replicates social and emotional behavioural aspects of a parental figure in the past. For example, by re-enacting the parental ego state, the person can be harsh, domineering and authoritative.

The adult ego state advocates an objective, realistic view of reality. A person who adopts this ego state, takes responsibility, is realistic and aware of the consequences of their actions.

The child ego state replicates behaviours from early childhood years. A person adopting a child ego state may be playful, needy of attention, and