Recommended: Romes influence on the west
The time period 600 BCE – 1500 CE was bringing many new innovations to trade throughout Eurasia. The extensive Silk Road connected European countries to the far eastern Asian countries (China and India), allowing the rare goods from China to find their way to European markets. New technologies in maritime trade included the production of lateen sails and dhow’s in the Indian region of trade. These technologies allowed trade efficiency to increase allowing states merchants and governments to make more money. Religious people and Statesmen had different viewpoints on this new wealth accumulation.
The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire. The Han dynasty Empire and the Roman empire stood large and mighty at the start of the Common Era, with the two kingdoms controlling an unprecedented mass amount of populations under their reign. Both kingdoms rose as predecessors from previous political systems that extended lands under one rule, with the Roman Republic expansion in Europe after the Punic wars and the Qin state achieving conquest over six other nearby states creating the first imperial China in east Asia. The heavy hand of the Qin dynasty and the assassination of Rome’s beloved general, Julius Caesar, by the Roman senate, threw both kingdoms into rebellion, ushering in centuries of imperialistic rule for both in their respective timelines.
In the First Millennium, the Ancient Civilizations of Han and Rome societies had clear appreciation for the technological advancement though the Roman concentrated on the mathematical and scientific advancements, while looking down upon the laboring tools invented to increase agricultural efficiency that were appreciated by the Hans. Roman concentrated intently on mathematical and scientific advancements after they increase their slave labor which the Roman cared little about. However, Han highly prized agricultural tool for it efficiency and its ability increase production. An additional document from a laborer’s point of view would be helpful in some way that would be helpful on the accounts of the Han or Romans, because every
There was a high demand for luxurious goods that were special to each region which caused a great increase in trade. This also occurred on the Trans-Saharan trade routes with gold. Religion also played a big factor in why trade was increasing in these two trade routes. Increases in technology helped trade become more efficient and faster. For example, the compass helped people trade along the Indian Ocean sea lanes.
Technology can be innovations and inventions that help to accomplish tasks easier. Some examples of technology are agricultural tools, modern computers, electric compartments, etc. In earlier civilizations, the invention of technology itself was a massive part in growing the population and preserving business ordeals like trade. The Han dynasty and the Roman empire both believed technology was essential to their civilizations, but Han China had a positive outlook on labor and its benefits compared to a lesser enthusiasm towards it in Rome. Both the Romans and the Hans admired technology and the people that created it.
Extensive trans-cultural commerce occurred as well. Inventions such as crossbows, paper, and gunpowder were traded across the majority of Afro-Eurasia. Many cities, including Tashkent and Kalgan, relied on the business that travelers from the Silk Roads brought. Additionally, many regions shared languages, cultural attitudes, and religious motifs. The Silk Roads truly connected Afro-Eurasia, bringing new recourses and innovations to each
Cultures come together as goods and ideas are exchanged, resulting in diverse traditions, beliefs, and practices. For example, trade routes in the Middle East during the Post-classical era spread all throughout Asia and Africa, and even through sea routes using the Indian Ocean. (Document 1). The development of new economic systems helped connect people from various cultures and backgrounds as well. Trade grew the global market that crossed borders.
Perhaps the two most important civilizations, Rome and Han China both fell due to major similarities. At the same time, Rome and Han China fell due to distinct differences as well. Furthermore, the collapse of China and Rome had far more similarities rather than differences. During 200 and 600 BCE both classical civilizations suffered from outside invasions; growing from Central Asia. They were not as sweeping as earlier Indo-European growth but tested Rome and China severely.
In various ways, Han China and Imperial Rome were politically similar yet also had their pair of differences. Two very well-known classical empires, both had highly advanced political systems for their time; Han China, lasted from 206 B.C.E to 220 C.E, and Imperial Rome, lasted from 31 B.C.E to 476 C.E. Many think these two empires where built with no previous influence, however; the Roman Empire had retained many aspects from the Roman Republic, and Han China from the Qin Dynasty. During their peaks, they controlled the majority of the world 's population because of their constant expansion of conquered lands, while their structure of administration and rule influenced many empires and future societies around the world. Aspects such as these, ultimately, led these two empires to be, arguably, the most influential societies in the world; as their legacies still live on today.
The Han dynasty and Roman Empire developed approximately around 300 B.C.E- 400 C.E. They both faced a similar issue; they had to figure out a way to govern a vast land. The Han Dynasty’s political authority were highly influenced by their religion. The Roman Empire however were highly influenced by an emperor highly selected by the people.
From the mid-15th century to the mid-16th century, regions all over the world were connecting. due to the Columbian Exchange, a widespread transfer of culture, human populations, and technology was spread around the world through trade routes. Christopher Columbus traveled around the world and along the way he discovered the Americas. This discovery was the start of a connection between continents. The common economic connection between nations was silver which predated paper currency.
Document 6, written by a high official of Rome, emphasizes the brilliance it took a man to construct roads that had “grace and beauty” (Doc 6). This document summarizes how the Romans viewed technology like roads with practical uses, but they cared more about the beautiful architecture of it and how it enhanced the character of Rome. Another piece technology that the Romans valued was the aqueducts as shown by document 8. A Roman general, governor, and water commissioner reports the use of their aqueducts and marvels in the water production compared to other civilizations. The Romans are rarely interested in the improvement of technology unless it benefits and brings pleasure to the entire society, or mainly the upper class.
Prior to the scientific revolution, humanity viewed the natural world in a distinct way. Traditional ways of thinking such as catastrophism, which was the conception that natural disasters, like hurricanes, were to blame for the extinction of species, which were then replaced by new species (Lavenda et al. 49). Rapidly these customary notions were challenged by evolutionary scientists and Charles Darwin who both believed and considered ideas about how life on earth got to it is. They had some similar and some profoundly diverse ideas. This paper will compare and contrast Lamarck’s theory of acquired characteristics with Darwin’s theory of evolution through natural selection.
Having the use of trade available to different nations made it easier to focus on aspects of receiving the raw materials to make countries more valuable. According to a reliable source, “Overseas colonies could serve as reliable sources of raw materials not available in Europe that came into demand because of industrialization” (911). This meant that they could get rubber from rubber trees in the Congo River basin and Malaya and use it to make many things, from tires to pipes. Tin came from colonies in southeast Asia and copper came from central Africa. Tin and copper were mostly used to make tools and weapons.
For example, when China started using silver as currency, they traded with the British and Dutch. The Dutch would pay with pesos that had been made by African slaves using Incan and Aztec forms of labor. The silver would then eventually find its way to more places. Although, the people at the time didn’t know this, the world was interconnected because of trade, and because of the many places and people involved in trade. Why was trade so pervasive in the Islamic world prior to contact with the Portuguese?
