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Internal Working Model In Adolescents

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“An internal working model is a representation in the mind that includes aspects of self, the attachment figure, situational invariants for attachment interactions, and the affects that connect the two figures. Internal working models are based on a prior history of attachment relationships plus current interactions between the self and the attachment figure when the attachment behavioral system is activated. In addition, internal working models define the rules by which two individuals interact, including behaviors, feelings, and thoughts. These rules allow each individual to anticipate and plan (correctly or incorrectly) what the other person will do a preceding set of actions…” (p.8). Internal working models are developed within the child through the experience he or she has with their parent(s). Those working models are with the child throughout adolescents and adulthood. The internal working models are the frame reference that informs the child how others should be treated and how he will be treated by others. The experience with parents develops internal working models that influence the development of a secure or insecure attachment. In addition, through the lens of the internal working models, the …show more content…

The child has learned through interaction with the mother that she will provide and protect her young. The child becomes fearful of how will these basic needs be provided in her absence. The child does not feel secure. Bowlby provides a distinction between feeling secure and feeling safe, in his writings. Feeling secure is how one feels in the world. Feeling secure in the world means one believes he will be cared for and he will be free of anxiety. Safety means being free from hurt or damage. “As such it applies to the world as it is and not the world as reflected in feeling (Bowlby, 1973, p.

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Attachment theory states that either secure or insecure bonds may form between infant and mother in the first several months of the infant’s life for the purposes of safety and security. The bond formed between infant and mother influences the quality of the relationships a child has throughout his or her life. One major reasoning of the attachment theory is that the parents are a sanctuary of safety throughout all of early childhood. Insecure attachments promote feelings of threat, rejection, and personal unworthiness. This can also be the explanation for the dream children stashing food away because of the possible threat that there,” will come a time when they will not be fed” (Smith 99).Unhealthy attachments not only lead to poor caregiver-child relationships, but can also cause a dysfunctional self-development, defective relationships, substance abuse problems, and educational difficulties.

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Often one makes an ill advised decision to protect the ones that they love. In “Mama and Her Bank Account” it proclaims, “ ‘In all my life, I never been inside a Bank.’ And when I didn’t--couldn’t--answer; Mama earnestly said:’Is no good for little ones to be afraid--to not feel secure’”. One will often make a decision that others see as ill-mannered, in order to protect their loved one’s sense of security.

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The secure babies used their mothers as a base to explore and as a protective safe haven. They were upset when the caregivers left but when they returned, they brought safety to the baby. Babies who had an avoidant attachment, didn’t want their caregiver upon return to the room. The caregivers for these babies may have been unresponsive to their signals of distress. Some babies were also classified as having resistant attachments, and tried kicking or arching their backs when comforted by the caregiver.

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In the video “Oakley arrives,” Oakley just arrived in his center and would not let go of his mom; the educator took him from his mom and he did not cry, because he was familiar with his educator; and the educator suggested a book for him. The HighScope Infant-Toddler Key Developmental Indicators (n.d) skill #5 Attachment states that “Children form an attachment to a primary caregiver.” Inconclusion, Oakley demonstrated emotions that meets the norm for his age in the video.

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Attachment theory The strong emotional bonds are linked children and young people

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This play was about how Ebenezer Scrooge lived a full life of regrets and sorrow, because of his foolish and unkind love for money. Toward the end of his life he revisits painful memories and lost opportunities of love and kindness! By looking over some of his mean times he is regretting them, and becoming a changed man! In scene three there was a young boy standing at Scrooge’s door singing beautiful Christmas carols.

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Ah wants you to have, baby, it’s protection… Mah daily prayer now is tuh let dese golden moments rolls on a few days longer till Ah see you safe in life”(Hurston 15). Nanny feels that the one part of her life that is dissatisfying is not having a source of protection for Janie when she is no longer there to protect Janie herself. She associates

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“I couldn’t plead for any rights because I didn’t have any.” (p. 72). • Society feared her sadness and teachers and social workers perpetuated the notion that she is a troubled kid. Baby said: “they are afraid of my sadness” (O’Neill, 2006, p.128). • Baby is unwelcomed at Xavier’s house after a school teacher informed his parents that, Baby is a troubled child from a broken home.

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Safety and security has gone back to members we used to call the “watchman” who were some of the first figures we started to develop as law enforcement figures to keep the society safe (Schmalleger 6). This is so important in today 's world as it tries to sure up fairness for life, land, and the pursuit of happiness, as it states in the United States’ Declaration of independence. This is such an important concept to have in our society as the US became somewhat of a model for the rest of the world after our declaration. This need for safety and security also stretches into the reasons for why we have our military. For obvious reason as keeping our country safe to the reasons of us still interacting in other countries to allow them and their people work towards having a fair system of which they can feel safe and secure.

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This required “an emotionally sensitive, positive, and responsive nurturing relationship with their caregivers”. In turn, when the mother was physically absent, the child can rely on the positive thoughts and memories of his mother to reassure himself. This was referred to as the internal working model, the child’s internal representation of himself with relation to this mother. Bowlby’s research (1988) was profound in that it demonstrates the practicality of Theraplay beautifully. Bowlby discusses how children learn the skills of relating to others by modeling those of their parents.

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These systems are a set of behaviors activated by environmental stimuli. The attachment system is activated in order to reconnect with a person that provides them emotional safety. The exploratory system allows a person to explore their surrounding environment. Also, the fear/wariness system is used to withdraw from frightening and distressing situations. Another key feature of Attachment Theory are internal working models.

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In the world we live in now the person who feels secure with confidence will not be a guard

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Bowlby 's attachment theory had vast investigation done by Mary Ainsworth, who studied the interactions between mother and child, specifically, the theme of an infant’s investigation of their surroundings and the separation from their mother. This essay will focus on Bowlby’s attachment theory and Mary Ainsworth’s experiments and findings, discussing their views on the development and importance of attachment in early life. John Bowlby’s primary interest was in the relationship between child and mother or primary caregiver. Bowlby suspected that the earliest relationships formed by children and their primary parent or care giver, have huge impacts on the child’s later life. From this, Bowlby developed the attachment theory.

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Maternal deprivation is a concept that was considered by Bowlby, to lead to adverse effects on the child who experienced it. Maternal deprivation is the interruption/separation between a child and its mother, or a lack of maternal care in early childhood, which may then go on to cause psychological problems in adult life. Bowlby investigated the results of several studies where children had been separated from their mothers and noticed stages that they went through – initially crying and clinging to adults, then their activity diminishes and they cry less often, they then withdraw from social interaction becoming absorbed in their toys and finally if they are picked up, they struggle or cringe away from the adult. Bowlby’s work which he

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1134 Words | 5 Pages

The life span of an individual goes through developmental stages in life, from conception to death. The majority of the stages we pass are biological, socio-economical and psychological birth rights. This essay will focus on the two stages, drawn from the eight stages of Erikson Theory, namely: Trust vs Mistrust and Generativity vs Stagnation. The essay will further discuss authoritative parenting and attachment styles. The eight stages which a healthy person should undergo from infancy to late adulthood, are built on the success of mastering the previous stage.

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