Intracellular Digestion

G3220Two different types of digestive tract specializations would be intracellular and extracellular digestion. Extracellular digestion is digestion that takes place place within a body cavity such as a gut or stomach, and is often used by more complex animals in which the cells get the end product. If digestion did not occur in a stomach or gut, but rather in the cells such as in intracellular digestion it would be much less efficient for complex structures. This is why intracellular digestion is only used from much smaller unicellular organisms as there is less surface area to get energy around the body.

The three principal secretions of the stomach would include, Hydrochloric Acid, Pepsin and Mucus. The function of hydrochloric acid is

The separation of the small intestine allows for the duodenum which is the uppermost part where the most digestion occurs in which chyme from the stomach is combined with chemical secretions from the pancreas, liver and gallbladder to facilitate chemical digestion. The jejunum is where villi and microvilli get the most contact between organic molecules allows for the greatest amount of absorption of simple sugars, amino acids, etc into the bloodstream to be distributed throughout the body. The ileum is the final part of the small intestine and is similar in function to the jejunum, but is mostly is to get the final absorption of vitamins before it enters the large intestine. The liver produces bile, which is then stored in the gallbladder, which separates fat globules into smaller segments to increase surface area, thus allowing for an easier method of digestion. The pancreas has an exocrine gland in which it releases digestive juices through a duct, and these juices consist of bicarbonate ions which are used to neutralize acid in the stomach, allowing for digestion enzymes that only work in lower Ph levels to

Chymotrypsin is produced in the small intestine and is released when there is a sizable amount of amino acids, fatty acids in the small intestine, and it stimulates secretion of the pancreatic enzymes and releases bile by gallbladder while allows for the fats to have an increased surface area. This makes it much easier for the the proteins to be absorbed into the bloodstream. The gastric inhibitory peptide secreted when fatty acids and sugars are present in the small intestine and the presences of this peptide inhibitor is that it stops stomach movements and release of stomach acid. The last of these three is gastrin which is produced in the stomach opposed to the intestines, and is released when there is an influx of peptides and amino acids. The hormone stimulates acid secretion by the cells in the stomach which allows it to kill bacteria and break down