Italian Revolution Research Paper
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During the eighteenth century, intellectual changes began to dismantle traditional values and institutions in Europe. Liberal ideas arose from the French Revolution which became the root to the nationalist feeling among the Italians. In 1861, the Italian states, a previously small confederation of semi-autonomous states located on the Apenning Peninsula, were unified as the Kingdom of Italy. This process occured due to a series of events and the actions of various figures, but three men in particular made unification possible: Giuseppe Mazzini, Count Camillo di Cavour and Giuseppe Garibaldi. Mazzini initiated the idea of an independent and unified Italian nation through his movement of Young Italy.
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The first views on which they thought the Italian states should unify was by Giuseppe Manzini and Victor Emmanuel ii. Manzini thought that Italy could only be strong if it unified as a single nation and as a republic. Emmanuel ii also believed that Italy should unify and be a republic because it would increase their strength as a nation. Then there was the views from Vincenzo Gioberti and Daniele Manin. Gioberti believed that Italy shouldn’t unify because it would take freedom and independence away from the kings, this would cause more foreign invasions and civil wars.
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The 19th century was a time of unification and centralization for the countries of Italy and Germany. Unification was a very controversial subject in Italy at the time because people’s opinions varied with residency, social class, religious affiliation, gender, occupation, and ideological outlook. Residency, occupation, and political power affected the point of views of the authors the most in the documents. Besides the debate of whether or not Italy should be unified, questions regarding how Italy would become centralized or why Italy should not be unified were a major factor when determining the future of Italy. For example, if Italy were to be unified, would the political system be a republic or monarchy.
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The people of Italy and Mussolini himself wanted to boost Italy’s national prestige. Their prestige had been damaged during the first Italian-Ethiopian War when Italy became the first European country to lose to an African nation. Italy’s modernized military allowed for a swift victory. The win over Ethiopia allowed Mussolini to rebuild Italy with the natural resources that the country had available (Document 6). Benito Mussolini gained the support of many Italians from his encouraging and motivating
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The scaffolding of the Italian unification began with Mazzini, and was completed by Cavour. Through countries wars Piedmont supported Prussia, which in the end got them both Venetia and Rome. One of the main contradictions of the Italian unification was the lack of a sense of nationalism in Italy. Mazzini used nationalism, the idea that we are all Italians to motivate people to start a movement in support of Italian unification, but his revolution was suppressed and his chance at unification was lost. Cavour realised that it was necessary to use force unite Italy, which deprived this ‘movement’ of the nationalistic aura it once had.
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Although nationalism alone played a vital role in the Revolutions of 1848, liberal politics and school of thought would ultimately change the way nationalism would take hold in the unification process -- facilitating both processes in Italy and Germany. In late February of 1848, revolutions spread
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When considering Italy after its formation as nation-state in the late 19th century, it has never been required to change by other countries. However, throughout the entire history Italian territory has faced many invasion and battles which have influenced it. But unfortunately, this country has also been involved in cruel events for the purpose of conquering new lands. Some of the most recent terrible actions done by this country were the conquest of African colonies during the Fascism. Indeed, the purpose of these mission in Africa were to destroy other countries such as Libya and Eritrea in order to provide benefits to Italians.
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Apart from subnational consolidation, first and second generation Italian Americans were unified under a collective understanding of Italy that proved to push the group further into resistance to white xenophobia in the coming
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This shows that the Greeks revolted and declared themselves independent as a new country because of their nationalistic feelings toward their own heritage. However, the formations of new nations through nationalism wasn’t just by revolutions. In 1848 the kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia's, part of the Italian states, appointed Count Cavour as the minister; and doing his job he united the whole of Italy. He helped nationalist rebels in southern Italy revolt against Austria and thereby unified northern and southern Italy into a new nation.
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The Italian peninsula was politically fragmented and divided, with no strong central government. This division made it difficult for Italy to compete on the international stage, and left it vulnerable to foreign interference and aggression. Italian unification became a pressing issue in the mid-19th century, as the country faced internal turmoil and external threats (Pearson, 22.3). The Italian unification movement was driven by a coalition of liberal and socialist political groups, who sought to create a unified Italian state based on democratic principles.
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The fall of Rome was mainly because of plagues wiping out most of the population. The fall of the Han dynasty began from decentralized rule. However, outside invasions had an effect on the fall of both classical civilizations. Series of plagues began to hit the Rome Empire by the 2nd century. These plagues lowered the population drastically.
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The Rise of Dictatorial Regimes Fascism glorifies the state above the individual by emphasizing the need for a strong central government led by a dictatorial ruler. Fascism originated from the name Fascio di Combattimento which is a political group or League of Combat. Benito Mussolini started this fascism stage in the world it was called the first European Fascist movement in Italy. Mussolini used fascism more because it took control of people best and if anyone were to stand out of this unit then they would would be terminated.
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While patriotism pulverized realms, it additionally fabricated countries. To the liberal Italian working classes, unification under Piedmont-Sardinia appeared like a decent arrangement. In 1860, the king of Sardinia got control of terrains taken by the nationalist Garibaldi. The demonstration was one of the last strides in the unification of Italy. Germany additionally accomplished national solidarity in the mid 1800s.
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Through these struggles Italians would thrive through the strength they found within their families. Southern Italy was very different from the North, The North was prosperous and full of culture. “Southern Italy was ruled by Spanish monarchy and was drowning in poverty”. The south sought unity with the north and believed they would find relief from the oppression of Spain. Unfortunately, the unity of
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The compelling question I chose to research is “What circumstances lead people to embrace a Fascist ideology/leader?” A combination of the problems in Italy after World War I, Mussolini’s strong leadership, and propaganda caused Fascism to be quickly spread and embraced by Italians. Because of all the problems in Italy, Italians wanted change. They were losing trust in the government and they started to support the Socialist Party and the Catholic Popular Party. Mussolini realized that the italians wanted a new leader and something to follow, so he introduces Fascism to them, calling it the “complete opposite of Marxian Socialism”. To further spread his ideas, Mussolini started releasing false propaganda to the public promising them things
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