In order to calm things down, they made the Force Bill which forced them to pay the taxes. If they did not, then President Jackson had the right to harshly make South Carolina do it, by using the army. Jackson did not agree in letting a state nullify Federal
We cannot say that this decision was bad or unfair for both camps either. 1830 was the year when a Protective Tariff was enacted that wanted to protect Northern products by making British products high in price. Once it was enacted, it became a number one sectional issue for the South. They had financial interest with Britain and threatened to leave the Union. This was resolved by gradually decreasing this Tariff every year until well into the 1840s, but it created a situation that had been remembered for years to come and might have contributed to the secession in 1861.
Calhoun drafted south carolina exposition and protest responding to the tariff, saying Congress shouldn’t favor one state/ region over another. Calhoun using protest advancing states’ rights doctrine, saying since states had formed national government, that state power was greater than federal power. Believing state's right to nullify, or to reject any federal law that judging to be
John C. Calhoun was Vice President under Andrew Jackson, and wrote this paper, although his name did not appear on it. He used Thomas Jefferson and James Madison Kentucky Resolves as a source. The Kentucky Resolves stated that states had the authority to determine whether the federal government had passed a bill into law that exceeded their power. If that were the case, individual states could declare said law null and void in their jurisdiction. John C. Calhoun used this document to explain South Carolina’s grievances with the tariffs.
South Carolina attempted to nullify the tariff through the theory of nullification, which states that the states have the right to nullify any law that is unconstitutional. Southerners claimed that the tariff was unconstitutional (as it only benefited the industrialized North), they claimed it was their right as a state to nullify the tariff and not have to pay for it. Thus, Southerners believed that the tariff should go away as a whole as they felt it went against what the founding fathers wrote in the Constitution. The North on the other hand loved the tariff, as it benefited them. They clung to Article 1 Section 8 Clause 1 of the Constitution, which said that Congress had the power to tax.
The South Carolina convention nullified the Tariff of 1832, which made Jackson have a tough decision to make, “use forces to bring the state into line or let the state make themselves into an independent state.” (CITING?) Jackson had to find ways to preserve the Union so that southern states would not join South Carolina and lead to the secession of several states. Feller states, “Nullification would inexorably lead to secession and secession meant civil war.” (CITING??)
In the early 1830’s, South Carolina had the idea that they could nullify the law. This meant that the states could disregard some of the federal laws. A man named John C. Calhoun Promoted the idea. In 1828, there was a tariff passed that put a tax on all imports. Calhoun and a lot of Southern states were outraged.
Calhoun, the former vice president of the United States, asserted that any states can null and void the protective tariff with anonymous pamphlet with title, South Carolina Exposition and Protest. In his perspective, as one of representatives of the south, protective tariff law should be void for South Carolina’s economy. Consequently, the Convention adopted an Ordinance of Nullification, which declared the protective tariff law null and void in South Carolina in November. And even more, Robert Y. Hayne argued that states can secede from the federal government. On the other hand, Daniel Webster who served as a Massachusetts orator, denounced South Carolina’s nullification by saying, “Liberty and Union, now and forever, one and inseparable!”
The southerners called it the Tariff of Abominations. According to the vote on the Tariff of 1816 in the House of Representative, there were more South representatives who voted against tariff than any other section did.(Document 7) The graph was intended to show people that the southerners did not like the tariff because South sold cotton and other raw materials without tariff, but they needed to buy products with tariff. Sectionalism became of greater importance in the economics and politics because as the result of the dissatisfaction of the south and unequally treatment by the tariff, sectionalism would eventually lead to the civil
When Congress issued tariffs on foreign goods, Southerners believed that Congress favored the North since this tariff would benefit them. John Randolph spoke of this issue, arguing that Congress was being unfair since the South was not benefiting from the actions of Congress at all while the North benefited (Doc A). As for political conflict, there was a clear case of factionalism and political rivalry in 1824 (Doc I). With these conflicts amongst the varying factions and political parties, the political tension and sectionalism within America continued to grow. Accusations and anger from the South further separated them from the North, which did not contribute “good feelings” to the country at
(Khan Academy, 2016) This was a very unrealistic and terrible idea, as this would mean any state could nullify any law they wanted and blame it on being “unconstitutional”. Because of the pamphlet, South Carolina began to claim that The Tariff of Abominations was unconstitutional and planned to refuse to follow it. Jackson heard about this, and despite being a fan of the South, knew this would set the stage for the entire South to secede from the U.S, as he thought of “Nullification as a prelude into secession” (Khan Academy, 2016). So, Jackson began lowering The Tariff of Abominations to appease South Carolina and other
The Nullification Crisis had first started when a tariff, or tax, was put on imported goods, but a little while later Southerners called this tax unfair. This was because this benefited the North more than it did the South. Since the North had a manufacturing base, they would get more business because the goods they were selling were way cheaper. For the South, they relied a lot on the foreign imports, so this tariff really hurt them because they had to pay extra just to buy everything they needed. Eventually, Jackson agreed to a compromise, which had fixed this argument.
The tariff of 1828 had big effects on America. The north called the tariff protective but the south called it the abomination tariffs. This was one of the many events that led to the civil war. The tariff of 1828 was important to history because it led to tension between the north and south that led to the civil war. The tariffs of 1828 lead to many problems between the north and the south which lead to the civil war.
Because of the negative effects to the Southern economy, this was also known as the Tariff of Abominations to the Southern people. This act was designed to protect American businesses from European competition. But this caused the to pay higher prices on foreign imports People from the South had to pay higher prices on goods that they could not get in the their region. Another affect the tariff had was it lowered the business with England. Though this tariff was to protect both the North and the South, the South was more affected because they could not afford Northern goods.
South Carolina was furious about the new acts that Henry Clay had put into order. South Carolina felt that the high tariffs were unconstitutional and were pushing their citizens into poverty. Later South Carolina published an Ordinance of Nullification saying that they did not have to abide by the law of the higher tariffs, and that their officials did not have to enforce their citizens to follow it either. South Carolina also threatened to leave the Union if anyone tried to stop them from following this new Ordinance of Nullification. Of course President Andrew Jackson saw this as a huge issue.
