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Parallels Between The Goals Of The Peloponnesian War

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There are some parallels between the goals of the Peloponnesian War and Rome's incursion into Italy and its war with Carthage, but there are also big distinctions. Comparabilities:.. Power Struggle: The quest for supremacy and power propelled both Rome's expansion and the Peloponnesian War. While Rome attempted to establish power over the Italian Peninsula and adjacent lands, Sparta wanted to impose its influence over Athens and other Greek city-states. Geopolitical Ambitions: Sparta and Rome both had goals that extended beyond their own borders. Rome wanted to extend her empire beyond the Italian Peninsula into places like Carthage, while Sparta wanted to make its mark on the Greek city-states. Competition for Resources and Trade Routes:
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The Athenian City State objectives had two overarching strategies during the Peloponnesian War. The strategies had different requirements of the means that the City State had to provide, which either increase or decrease the risks assumed by Athens. Pericles strategy at the start of the Peloponnesian War was driven off the objective to preserving the empire. The follow on leaders Cleon and Nicias, strategies shifted from defending to growth of the Empire that eventually contributed to its downfall.

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Athens and Sparta shared many common values and views but also had their differences. They were both city-states which is a city and its surrounding villages functioning as an independent political unit. Athens and Sparta were city-States over empires because of all of the mountains in Greece that separated the land and they acted as a modern day state would. For example, one city-state would have different views and government than a city-state on the other side of a mountain. Athens and Sparta had similar values and views on how to treat people, but had differed views on education and government.

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Lysistrata The influence of the Peloponnesian War Overview The Peloponnesian War lasted nearly 30 years. Imperialistic Sparta and Athens were fighting over land and the fear of being overtaken by one another. As a result, the countries had an increase in poverty, and with most of the men away women took up nontraditional roles to make ends meet

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With the withdrawal of Sparta and the Peloponnesian leagues, a congress was called on the island of Delos to institute a new alliance to continue the fight against the Persians. According to Thucydides, the official aim of the League was to "avenge the wrongs they suffered by ravaging the territory of the king." In reality, this goal was divided into three main efforts— to prepare for future invasion, to seek revenge against Persia, and to organize a means of dividing spoils of war. League members swore to have the same friends and enemies, and dropped ingots of iron into the sea to symbolize the permanence of their alliance. Over time, especially with the suppression of rebellions, Athens exercised hegemony over the rest of the league.

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The wars that took place in Sparta in Greece, Rome in Italy, and North Africa are similar to each other in terms of goals and results achieved. In the Peloponnesian War, Sparta's goal was to restore the balance of Greek power and maintain Spartan supremacy at the expense of Athens and the other states of the Greek Union, while Rome's goal in the wars that took place in Italy and North Africa was to unite the regions under its control and create a strong Roman Empire. Sparta and Rome were similar in their use of military force to achieve their goals. But there were differences in how these goals were achieved.

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Even though Sparta had good allies around Greece, the rising power of Athens was too much for them to accept. In many ways, two suns cannot shine upon the same sky. Another factor in the outbreak of the war was the contrasting differences between their political systems. One might say that they couldn’t be more unalike. Sparta was very conservative and closed out to the rest of the world.

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The Peloponnesian War lasted three decades, from 431 BC - 404 BC. Thucydides, an Athenian historian and commander in the early years of the war, documented the entire war. Virtually all of our knowledge of the Peloponnesian War comes from Thucydides. Local allegiances to the two cities ensured that all of Greece participated. In addition to the disagreement over the form of government, Sparta feared the increasing power Athens gained as the capitol of Greece.

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