The combined effect of the continuous increase in the world population, changes in life style, and the limited natural resources of fresh water makes industrial desalination of seawater a major contender for providing sustainable source of fresh water for arid zones and during drought periods. This solution is also supported by the fact that more than 70% of the world population live within 70 km of seas or oceans. During the second half of the twentieth century, desalination of seawater proved to be the most practical and many cases the only possible solution for many countries around the globe, i.e., the Gulf States, Mediterranean and Caribbean Islands. At the turn of century, desalination is being considered by a larger number of countries …show more content…
It is currently achievable, in fact and financially to create large amounts of water of great quality from desalination processes. Difficulties however still exist to deliver desalinated water for generally substantial communities, for their constant development, growth, health, and for present day effective farming or agriculture at affordable expenses.
Two primary headings survived the critical evolution of desalination innovation, to be specific evaporation and membrane techniques methods. The cost obstruction broke amid the most recent couple of years and is presently down to the level of 50 to 80 cents/m3 of desalinated seawater and decreasing cost tendency continues and proceeds. Desalination of brackish water is significantly less expensive, at costs running from 20 to 35 cents /m3. Membrane techniques penetrate deep in water treatment innovation wherever conceivable. Wastewater likewise is treated with membranes, though rarely. Numerous nations or countries are currently considering desalination as a critical source of water