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Biomass Pros And Cons

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PART – I
GENESIS OF BIOFUEL AND ITS PROS AND CONS
Biomass
1. Biomass can be defined as “the amount of living matter as in a unit area or volume of habitat” . Use of biomass to generate energy is not new and dated back to ancient times. Woods, animal dung and peat are few of the examples used since ancient times. It is estimated that total biomass of the earth is 560 billion metric tons (approximately) out of which 146 billion tons of biomass is generated by plants . This is a common term used by the biofuel industry to refer to biological materials from living or recently living organisms but not restricted to plants derived materials only. Biomass can be used as a fuel by direct and indirect means that is through burning and chemically or biologically converting it as a fuel.

Biofuel and its History
Biofuels are fuels that are produced directly or indirectly from organic material which includes plant materials and animal waste. Biofuels can be solid, …show more content…

First generation biofuel is made from food crops or feed stocks that can also be consumed as human food by extracting the oils through fermentation. Crops like wheat, sugarcane, corn, sugar beet and sorghum are some of the main sources of producing biofuel. Since their availability and extraction through conventional means they are termed as conventional biofuels. Most common first generation biofuel includes:- (1) Biodiesel. Extracted from vegetable oils, animal fats, seeds from plants like Soybeans, Canola, and Sunflower are few of the examples. This fuel is commonly used in means of transportation. (2) Ethanol. This is acquired through fermentation process. Sugar cane and starch crops like Corn and Wheat are few of the examples. A litre of ethanol contains about two-thirds as much energy as a litre of gasoline . (3) Biogas. Biogas is a biofuel produced from the anaerobic fermentation of carbohydrates in plant material or waste like food peelings or manure by

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They are two crucial aspects to the topic of energy, but are not included by the UN. A determinant reason that millions of people across the globe have to resort to biomass to cook is that the cost associated with modern energy makes it less accessible (Birol, p.1). This unfortunate situation is due to many reasons. A key reason is that many of the resources required to install energy plants are disproportionally controlled by a few geopolitical actors. This causes large fluctuations on the commodity prices all over the globe, making not only modern energy, but also other basic human development targets, such as shelters and transportations less attainable (Regnier, p.2).

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Thinking about what ethanol fuel actually is, many may not know. Right now everyone pretty well uses either gasoline or diesel to run their cars. However if we were to switch over to ethanol fuel, using gasoline and diesel would be long gone. As (Nrcan.gc.ca, 2013) states ethanol fuel is a liquid alcohol which has hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon being added to it. However the actual ethanol is not made until a crop such as wheat or corn undergoes the process of fermentation.

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This high production of biomass energy and reusing waste has more potential than just West Texas. Texas contains several farms, waste-water plants, and agricultural land to utilize for biomass energy

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When someone thinks about Vermont, they more often than not imagine a sort of rural paradise. Isolated from most of the world, the Green Mountain State that many a person calls their home grew at its own pace, even when the rest of America changed with the times. Even in 1945, when American G.I.s were coming back from World War II, they likened “peaceful Vermont [as] the perfect antithesis of the horrors of war” and an “agricultural paradise” (Jan Albers; Hands on the Land: A History of the Vermont Landscape; pp. 274). An ideal that exists even in the modern times, as it is believed that Vermont has a thriving agricultural economy. But that was back then, as America was coming back from the war.

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