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Pros And Cons Of Genetically Modified Organisms

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Genetically Modified Orgaisms Theresia Maria Mohasseb 20161834 Notre Dame University Outline Claim : Genetically Modified Organisms is an effective tool for the improvement of organisms Arguments: 1. Due to GMOs, suppliers are not facing obstacles in the agricultural sector. A. Genetic modification can protect crops against threats to strong yields. B. Farmers have planted the same transformed crop year after year in the same fields with the same herbicide application and now we have widespread resistance. C. Utilizing traditional selective breeding can take multiple growing seasons to develop and taste a new variety. D. Genetic engineering allows new traits to be developed much more quickly. E. Genetic modification …show more content…

These selectively bred organisms not only simplified the farming process but also ensured a great number of a healthy and resistant quantity. Before the use of GMOs, meaning selective breading, farmers faced many difficulties when it came to unexpected results, low quality crops, more expenses and more effort. According to The Lugar Center, a center established to propose solutions to global problems, genetic engineering has led to the development of new traits much more effectively and quickly. Furthermore since tradition selective breeding can take multiple growing seasons to develop in order to test new varieties, the new selective breeding technique is much more efficient. Genetic engineering is much more precise than conventional hybridization and so is less likely to produce unexpected results. Nowadays the market demands only excellent quality plants even though most of these goods will not be seen while being consumed (vegetables in soup). This trend forced farmers to apply genetic engineering on all crops. Since GMOs are now protected against threats to strong yields, they are now more resistant especially when it comes to having longer life and so on. According to Cornell University in the article “what is Agricultural Biotechnology?” An example for the effectiveness of GMOs are the Papayas that were hit with papaya ring spot virus which devastated the crops by 40 percentage reduction in only five years. Due to the genetic engineering, scientists developed two varieties of papayas that were completely resistant to the virus, and now these new papayas are growing in Hawaii. Klumper states that genetic modification technology has increased crop yields by 22 percent and farmer profits by 68 percent. GMOs have been widely used especially by the poorest

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Summary: Genetically modified organisms, or GMO’s were introduced in the nineties. Now GMO’s are planted on a half billion acres of land. Before GMO’s, farmers saved their seeds, which increased genetic diversity. Farming is now rules by a company called Monsanto, which created agent orange. In the late twentieth century they turned over to GMO’s.

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It is not a case of GMOs not accomplishing what they were designed for it is a dilemma where people are now consuming more, and on top of that ingesting more of the detrimental items since it is in such high demand for their inexpensiveness and “quality”. In addition, “very little testing has been done on GM foods since genetic engineering is a new field, and long-term results are unclear,”(UC Santa Cruz). When reading this people may not even ponder what this could indicate in terms of their

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Artificial selection and crossbreeding, both forms of genetic modification, have been used for centuries by scientists and farmers to obtain the desired traits of crops or animals (Kracht para 1). Moreover, no known risks have appeared from the consumption of GMOs or the genetic modification of crops.

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In the future, it may be equipped with genetically modified plants with mechanisms designed to prevent gene flow. This is important for the co-existence of GM and traditional crops, especially that medical and industrial use of genetically modified plants. Environmental indirect effects of genetically modified crops include changes in agricultural or environmental practices associated with new varieties. Whether the net effect of these changes had to be positive or negative on the environment is still controversial, calling for a more comparative analysis of new technologies and agricultural practices.

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By 1999, approximately half of the crops in the United States such as corn, tomatoes, and cotton were transgenic; 90% today, also sixty to seventy percent of processed foods are modified. (Diaz) 2. GMO Compass, founded that eighteen million farmers in 2013 modified their crops amounting to one-hundred and seventy-four hectares of modified fields. (GMO Compass) III. Genetically modified crops have their advantages and disadvantages.

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GMOs are considered to be the next agricultural “innovation” as some would say, but this is incorrect. They think that GMOs are a way to feed everyone on earth. Giving them the nutrients that they need to grow in conditions that most plants can’t live in, while not causing harm to physical and environmental health. They are wrong. GMOs do more harm than good.

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Genetic modification has risen to the public eye as a highly controversial issue over the past few decades. Starting with the FLAVR SAVR tomato in 1994, we can now genetically alter any organism, including ourselves. We can, and have, manipulated crops to resist insects or herbicides and animals to glow in the dark, grow faster, change their color, or even make spider silk. However, out of the limitless applications of genetic modification, three in particular stand out as relevant to our everyday lives: genetically modified foods, gene therapy, and designer babies.

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Sha’kara Boyd Genetically Modified Organisms and/or Food Section: 1406-31005 A genetic material that has been reformed in a way that does not happen normally by mating or natural combination is called a genetically modified organism. GMO’s (genetically modified organisms) have their good ends and they have their bad ends when it comes to the different foods and organic crops that have been tampered with. It also has positive and negative affects on governmental regulations, cultures, religions, and society itself.

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Genetically produced foods can be dated back to the mid-1990s where the FDA approved a series of genetically modified fruits. The practice involved introduction of micro-organism through biotechnology to a plant of the same class to enhance its resistance to pest and drought (225-231). The activity was believed to bring a significant impact on the shortage of food production issues in the current times. According to FDA, the practice would enhance food production to support the growing world population. The base of genetically modified foods was that the crops are made pest resistant as well as increase yields.

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There are many controversial issues throughout time that have risen and led countries to disagree with one another worldwide. Eugenics and genetic engineering on humans is a topic that many believe crosses a major ethical boundary. Many scientists and ethicists believe that gene editing on human genes is unethical at certain degrees and it should not be done until the proper precautions have been overlooked and restrictions are made. The reason for this is due to the fact that in the past, scientists and historical figures have previously attempted to create a perfect human race in the past based on the idea of eugenics, which is why many societies want to take precautions in order for there to be no chance that history will repeat itself once

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In a few short years genetic editing has raised some ethical concerns throughout society. Genetic editing is the process of deleting or altering a gene of a cell. This type of genetic engineering is used to change a physical characteristic,to fix a broken DNA, or replace a broken DNA. For example, changing the color of your eyes or modifying a detected disease. Many believe gene editing offers huge benefits and changes to our lives.

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GMOs is the process of modifying DNA in an organism using gene splicing. Gene splicing is where they go into an organism's DNA and change or swap out desirable genes and bad genes. We can use GMOs to increase the yields of crops. Scientist can also make the crops more resistant to pesticides or the bugs themselfs. Scientist can also increase the rate of growth too.

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Negative impacts of transgenic animals and crops. (9 Biggest Pros and Cons of Transgenic Animals., 2015) & (G., 2015) 1. The use of transgenic animals is unethical: - People that oppose the idea of modifying genes for animals to create offspring that will help the society in some way say that doing this is a major part when going against moral ethics. Additionally, animal advocates are particularly the main people that are not in support for this habit. These people strongly believe that animals also carry rights like humans and it’s against the rights to change their DNA and genetically modify it for human use.

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This essay will look more on the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering. Genetic engineering has some advantages. Firstly it allows for faster growth rate .Genetic engineering allows of plants or animals to be modified so their maturity can occur at a quicker pace outside of the normal growth conditions that are favourable without genetic changes as well .Secondly, it may also provide a cure for disease to improve health (apecsecadmin, 2014). Genetic engineering can be used to eradicate a number of incurable and deadly disease which could be done by identifying the genes that cause these disease, and manipulate them to prevent people from contracting these potentially deadly diseases.

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This is because the better trait is produced by engineering genes which results in favoring one organism. Genetically modified organism can interrupt the natural process of the gene flow. A possible issue with the modified crop genes ending up in the soil which can produce new strands that can eventually attack the plant species and producing a new strand. Genes from the GM crops can spread to organic farm crops threating the diversity in agriculture. Due to cross pollination to non-gm plants, new hybrid strains are created.

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