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Pros And Cons Of Isolationists

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A question has risen up about whether or not psychologists should be involved in interrogations of suspected terrorists. This question didn’t come out of nowhere but came when psychologists were involved in the interrogations of suspected terrorists at Guantanoma, Abu Ghraib, and psychologists that participated in the CIA and Pentagon’s harsh interrogation programs. These programs involved “torture” and interrogation techniques, which were only not called torture due to the government saying health providers, were overseeing what was being done. Many wonder if this constitutes a violation of APA policy and ethics, or if this makes sure interrogations are legal, ethical, safe, and effective. Eventually the APA and AMA allowed psychologists and physicians …show more content…

Nadine J Kaslow who is the president of the American Psychological Association, said in a letter to the New York Times “There is no place in the field of psychology for people who are not respectful of human dignity and committed to human rights.” In order to be involved in an interrogation then they should be respectful of human dignity and committed to human rights. Psychologists should be there only in order to see if someone seems dangerous, hiding something, or something that will help them lead to finding out the truth and protecting the country. Guidelines should be stated and what is acceptable and unacceptable should be clearly stated when professionals work with the military. APA passed an anti-torture policy called Policy Related to Psychologists' Work in National Security Settings and Reaffirmation of the APA Position Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment. This policy outlines several

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Many have said that they would want nonlethal torture to be used in such cases but “did not want torture to be officially recognized by our legal system.” Similar statements have posited that while “torture might be necessary in a given situation it could never be right.” This approach, that of keeping torture off-the-books, is in direct conflict with the necessity for accountability and transparency in a democracy. A democracy cannot work if the public is kept in the dark. The public must know what is going on in order to approve or disapprove.

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The legal guideline aims to remind psychologists about their primary obligations as well as rational “precautions to respect the confidentiality rights of those with whom they work or consult, recognizing that confidentiality may be established by law, institutional rules, or professional or scientific relationships.” Maintaining privacy and confidentiality of the defendant facilitate their openness assisting them to recall and relate “pertinent facts and events, including his motives and actions at the time of the offense, and be able to testify in his behalf and to challenge prosecution witnesses.”

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Neither one of the circumstances was ethical at any point and had been publicized by the media for its explicit type of interrogation methods as well as sadistic behavior. In particular, Phil Zimbardo has argued that the study shows that strong situational forces can override individual differences in personality and moral values. In Abu Ghraib, soldiers were inserted into the role of prison guards and began to sadistically torment prisoners there and at other detention sites in Afghanistan and Iraq. Many of the specific acts of humiliation were similar to those that transpired in the Stanford Prison Experiment, according to Zimbardo. This theory has been challenged by allegations by Seymour Hersh, in the New Yorker, that these soldiers were in fact acting under direct orders of their superiors as part of a top secret Pentagon intelligence gathering program authorized by Secretary of Defense, Donald Rumsfeld.

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While analyzing “The Torture Myth” and “The Case for Torture”, it is very clear to see the type of rhetorical appeals used to persuade the audience. Anne Applebaum, the writer of “The Torture Myth” --in context of the decision of electing a new Attorney General--would argue that torture is very seldomly effective, violates a person’s rights, and should be outlawed due to the irrational need upon which physical torture is used. On the other hand, Michael Levin strongly argues that physical torture is crucial to solving every imminent danger to civilians. Levin claims that if you don’t physically torture someone, you are being weak and want to allow innocent people to die over something that could have been simply done.

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2016). Using this ethical framework to argue against torture, one needs to consider the violation of the terrorist’s rights. Utilitarians argue that under a scenario where thousands of people are in danger, the well-being of the larger community is more important than neglecting the rights of a single individual (Krauthammer 2005). The simple idea of taking away a person’s autonomy for the sake of others violates rights ethics. To comprehend the violation upon the victim’s rights, it is important to understand how torture feels, “Brian describes his body as having become an object… pain is the central reality; it dominates experience and expression (Wisnewski 2010, 81).”

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Will torture ever be acceptable? If there is a critical risk of loss of innocent lives, should torture be a way of saving them? Michael Levin conveys this question to our consideration in a pursuit to sway our viewpoint in his field of view. In this thoroughly written essay, Levin uses various illustrations to show how torture should be considered and would benefit us in the future.

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After the end of World War 1 in 1918, the US declared a policy of isolationism. Isolationism is a policy of non-involvement in other countries conflicts and politics and specifically for the US, non-involvement in European affairs. The US implemented this policy by denying the Treaty of Versailles in a vote of 39 to 55 in the Senate and consequently, did not join the League of Nations. This policy brought with it both positive and negative effects on the US. One positive effect is with isolation, the US can avoid the costs of dealing with conflicts in Europe and can avoid the negative effects on citizens.

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Web. 08 Feb. 2016. In this report the author explain that many CIA agents believe that physical torture is not as effective as psychological torture. For example, leaving them naked in front of other people will

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In recent news, the US Senate released its findings detailing the methods used by the CIA to interrogate prisoners of war (and alleged terrorists) captured during the Bush Administration’s War on Terror. This scathing 6700 page report, dubbed the Torture Report, details the techniques used; techniques that include sleep and light deprivation, waterboarding, sexual assault, and something called “rectal feeding”( Bioethics Program, 2014). This is of personal concern to me, as I was a medic in the Army, trained to uphold the Geneva Convention and save lives on either side of the conflict; plus the ordeal has become a blight on the APA-the American Psychological Association (who was named specifically), and Division Nineteen (Military Psychology);

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In these times, especially in times of war, they had no need to question their enemies, but rather make them suffer and put fear into them, past methods of torturing were far more gruesome than today’s techniques. “Enhanced interrogations” started being used mostly during World War Two, most people believe that Hitler and his concentration camps were the main focus of World War Two, and that killing him ended it. They believe that Hitler tortured and killed over Six Million Jews. While he did persecute and commit Genocide on the Jews, some of that information isn 't necessarily true. Hitlers Concentration camps contained forms of torture, such as Depriving of food,the showers in Auschwitz , but if you look into it, it was more of a slavery than anything.

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As a result, security agencies worldwide are employing methods they hope will reduce the number of such attacks. These methods give rise to an important question; if a terror suspect with potential information of a terrorist attack gets arrested. Would it be ethical to use torture, to get information from him? The use of torture is an unethical and inefficient method of gathering information.

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Interrogation saves millions of lives and gets valuable information, We have learned of and captured terrorists who were planning to attack because of interrogation. The C.I.A found the Al Qaeda group (9/11) using such techniques. This provided how they set up their operations,what was happening next and the training manual

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Torture can be defined as, ‘the officially sanctioned infliction of intense suffering, aimed at forcing someone to do or say something against his or her will.’ Thus we should understand that this humane exercise should be stopped, and is unacceptable. Torture is cruel, it causes mental stress for the victim, and it leads to the distribution of false information. Amnesty International, which is a non-governmental organisation focused on human rights around the world, received reports of torture or cruel, inhumane or degrading treatment or punishment in more than 150 countries during the four-year period from 1997 to 2000. Surveys of torture survivors reveal that torture “is not aimed primarily at the extraction of information.

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There are ethical issues that need to be recognized in interrogation which are, the use of false evidence, the use of torture, and deceptive promises. Starting off an interrogation, police will usually comfort a suspect by giving evidence that is not true, with the intention to make the suspect end up voluntarily confessing. Giving false evidence has a number of planning’s. One with the officer telling the suspect that he or

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Morgan Poston Professor Wilson PHI 220 01 DT Ethics 20 November, 2015 We Tortured Some Folks…. Is it morally right to torture people? In a recent poll taken in over a half dozen countries it was found that there was a large amount of support for “justified torture” (Petersen). What this means is that a large portion of the worlds countries believe torture is acceptable in extreme situations. The ticking time bomb scenario is one of the most used arguments for torture (McCoy).

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