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Psychoanalysis theory and psychosocial theory
Psychoanalysis theory and psychosocial theory
Effective communication possitive relationships children
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1) Define psychology and trace its historical development. Psychology is the scientific research of the study of the human and animal behavior and mentalities. So in general the study is about how, what and why the human brain functions the way they do. As well as why mental illnesses exist.
Throughout one’s life, one tends to adapt to the traditions of their family, and gain a significant bond with their loved ones, including their siblings. However, that connection a person gains can either be diminished or forgotten due to a sense of different mindsets between family members. The two stories “The Rich Brother” by Tobias Wolff and “Sonny’s Blues” by James Baldwin indicate that sibling rivalry occurs when each member does not understand or acknowledge their sibling’s perspective, and this builds a wall barrier between the siblings.
The Meaning of Family According to Chicago Tribune, “About 80 percent of Americans have at least one other sibling.” Most know having siblings is not always easiest thing. They can be annoying at times but “Ohana means family. Family means nobody’s left behind or forgotten” (Lilo & Stitch). The true story of graphic novel Sisters by Raina Telgemeier present the reader with the tough real life choices that family’s experience.
“The New Science of Siblings” mainly deals with siblings’ relationships and advancements in research on their relationships. In the beginning, the author explains that “each child comes from the womb with an individual temperament”, or natures, which can be shaped and molded by the people around them (Kluger). Although DNA, parents, and peers can affect our behavior, scientists have recently delved into studying the profound impacts that siblings have on each other. Instead of analyzing sibling’s behavior by birth order and stereotyping children’s roles, researchers from well-known universities are exploring the world of siblings. Because they are around each other so often (devoting “33% of their free time to their siblings”), scientists have
Sibling relationship between siblings can't be based on one thing or described by only one thing . The readers find this true in the short story “The Scarlet Ibis ” and the song “Brother “. In both works the readers explore the siblings relationships with each other and may compare it with their own . In the short story "The Scarlet Ibis " and the song "Brother", James Hurst and Jerry Cantrell describe typical sibling relationships that are based on pride and to interpret this the narrator , of both works , practiced indirect characterization of the brothers through the connections the brothers share and the use of tone portrayed through the brother's interactions in each work.
Although we are studying theories, some of them appear to explain human behavior and personality with certain accuracy. John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth theories of attachment can also explain what happens to people when attachment to their parents or caregivers is healthy or potential problems that could occur due to detachments. They suggest that individuals raised with secure attachments to their primary caregivers help them to feel secure; moreover, these children appear to be more socially skilled and less likely to experience major emotional disturbances. However, failure to form healthy attachments, especially mother-child, could serve as a descriptive mechanism for many negative psychological outcomes later in the life of an individual,
There is nothing quite like the bond shared by siblings. Especially by those of the same gender. Through horrific ups and downs, even situations that would tear even the best of friends apart, siblings somehow manage to always patch things up and continue on. A bond like such was present in James Baldwin’s Sonny’s Blues, which told the story of two brothers on a seemingly detrimental path towards complete destruction.
One of the main theories in Developmental psychology is the attachment theory that was devised by Bowlby (1969) and was added to in 1973, by Mary Ainsworth. The attachment theory surrounds the bond between a primary care giver and a baby. They believe that attachment is a deep and enduring emotional bond that connects one person to another across time and space. In 1930 Bowlby worked as a psychiatrist in a children’s unit, where he treated many emotionally disturbed children, this lead him to consider the relationship between mother and child and the impact that could have on the child’s development. Bowlby believed that the attachment process was an all or nothing process and that you either were attached or were not attached.
Siblings have a bond that ties them to one another for their whole lives, whether they live together or hundred miles apart. There are some situations though that split up a sibling relationship like divorce or foster care. Foster care can be the glue to hold the children's future together, but it is the knife that cuts siblings apart. The splitting of siblings especially in foster care can be traumatic and detrimental to those children. Due to regulations of age or number of children allowed in a foster home, siblings must be split up which can cause behavioral, psychological, relationship issues with one or all of the siblings.
What is one of the most influential relationships that children today have? Today you are more likely to grow up with a sibling than a father. Children today are influenced greatly by how his or her sibling behaves. Approximately eighty percent of children growing up today either have a brother or a sister. Psychoanalysts have recently had a piqued interest in the personality development and how it is affected by a brother or sister.
Attachment is a basic concept that affects people’s mental health in various different ways, especially in the subject of psychology. Attachment is defined as building blocks which basically founded between infants and caregivers and also it is mutual, enduring tie between two people each of whom conduces to the quality of the relationship in human’s life span. If we look from evolutionary perspective, foundations of babiy’s attachment is include to guaranteeing to baby’s both psychosocial and physical needs by caregiver (Papalia & Feldman, 2011).One of the most used theory is ethological theory which was created by John Bowlby .Bowlby called the firstyear of child’sdevelop as "internal working models" (Fraley, 2002).Hesuggest that an internal working modelwas an emotional tie (attachment) to aprimary caregiver (generally mother), a bond which creates child’s perception and behavior by caregiver's behaviors (Bowlby, 1969).His two main factors of attachment includes; emotional support and protection supplied by the caregiver; andsecond, thechild's feelings of being loved.
Overview of Attachment Theory Attachment theory tries to describe the evolution of personality and behaviour in relationships and it gives a reason for the difference in a person’s emotional and relationship attitudes. In the beginning, it looked at the mechanics of relationships between children and their parents but it has since been expanded to cover the entire life of the human being (Howe, 2000). Attachment theory includes insights learned from evolutionary theory, ethology, systems theory and developmental psychology (Howe, 2001).
As described in Chee’s study, children who care for their younger siblings tend to struggle with managing their sibling’s behavior. They are unequipped to handle their siblings when they misbehave and some attempt to discipline them with physical violence. Furthermore, the participants in a study conducted by Dr. Melching were found to have lower levels of hope and increased amounts of stress that oftentimes carried over into their adult lives (Chee, 2015). As parentified children transition into adulthood, they may experience ambiguous loss, in which a person is physically alive, but psychologically absent, further resulting in depression. However, the study also states that social support is key to processing their experiences and preventing severe mental
One of the most interesting subjects that depicts many explanations about human behavior is psychology. Every human being tends to have a distinct behavior, depending on the situation that he or she was exposed to. The presence of other human beings cause the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of the person to be controlled or influenced. There is a considerable amount of factors in which the actions of human beings around them are responsible for the process of making their decisions.
Social psychology is not to be confused with sociology; sociology is the academic study of social behaviour, including its origins, development, organization, and institutions. It is a social science that uses various methods of empirical investigation and critical analysis to develop a body of knowledge about social order, social disorder and social change. Whereas, in psychology, social psychology is the scientific study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Social psychology is the study of the events and processes that make up our everyday lives. It examines the way in which our thought and behaviour is influenced by the presence of others and seeks to discover the principles underlying group and individual interaction.
