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Roles Of Women In Policing Essay

658 Words3 Pages

Class,
Police agencies have a bureaucratic structure. The systematic administration of police departments is characterized by specialization of tasks and duties, objective qualifications for positions, action according to rules and regulations, and a hierarchy of authority. Bureaucratization maximizes efficiency. (Harcourt, 2016) This bureaucratic structure has given policing agencies three unique characteristics Military Modeling of Policing, Community Policing, and Diversity in Law Enforcement
Military Modeling of Policing
When American policing emerged in the mid-19th century, the quasi-Military model became the dominant orientation. The American model differed from the English model in that American police agencies issued firearms, …show more content…

Discrimination against black officers was prevalent in all parts of the United States (segregated patrol cars, not allowed to arrest whites, etc.). Today, the number of African-America officers is increasing but not the number of black supervisors Hispanic officers have made inroads in policing. However, they have experienced individual and institutional discrimination. Information on Asian American officers is sparse. However, the numbers have increased in the past 10 to 15 years. Policing is considered a low position in the Asian community and police work has a negative connotation in those communities. Women in policing have faced a long history of discrimination which has both restricted their duties and held down their numbers. The first woman police officer was Lola Baldwin who was hired in Portland, Oregon in 1905. When Alice Wells was hired by the LAPD in 1910 the hiring of woman began to become more common. But, those women were hired to perform specialized functions, such as patrolling areas where juveniles hung out. The emerging philosophy of “crime prevention” made recruiting women more acceptable. Women were perceived as more nurturing and it was thought that would serve as an aide in crime prevention. (Adkins,

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• Criminal incidents involving police often go unpunished as indicated by the SIU’s conviction rate of 6%. Thus, the officers in this instant are less accountable to their actions as their possibility of conviction is less likely. KEY CONSIDERATIONS • Historical, underrepresentation of women in policing and the oppression these women face has been continuous and is still an issue that exists today. • Thus, for the issue to be eradicated, responsibility for the solution needs to be shared between both male and female officers as well as lower and higher ranks individuals.

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Many years ago, the first organized American Police Department system was started in Boston, in 1838. (Dempsey & Forst, 20120 p. 7). The Boston Police Department provided 24 hour service which, was funded by the New York legislature. Most of the policeman on the force had little to no training but that changed over time as the importance of law enforcement in society became more prominent. As time progressed so did the police department 's use of technology to better equip the officers with easier means to do their jobs.

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James Queally and Joe Mozingo on the article “Feds fault San Francisco police for violence against minorities and recommend 272 reforms” explains how law enforcement is racially biased towards minorities. Queally and Mozingo support their claim by mentioning the rise of police brutality against Blacks and Latinos and describing the type slurs used when law enforcement are referring to minorities amongst their fellow colleague. The authors’ purpose is to show the reader the type of way law enforcement is unfair to people of color and different cultures. The authors write in a serious tone to those seeking to end police brutality.

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From early studies of police departments and law enforcement agencies, their culture is described as authoritarian, cynical, distrustful, elitist, homogeneous, macho, misogynist, monolithic, pessimistic, suspicious, insular, socially isolated and highly resistant to change. Relationships between police officers and the communities they are sworn to protect and serve is often times tense and difficult to maneuver. Police departments can implement an effective mechanism for change as "fish rot from the head first. "

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Originally, during Colonial times, policing in the United States consisted of little more than night watches. These watches weren’t very effective, as watchmen often drank or slept on duty, and many of the volunteers were only there as a way to get out of military service or helping with the watch as a form of punishment (Potter, 2013). It wasn’t until 1838 that the city of Boston established the first formal organized police force in America. Other cities soon followed, and by the 1880s, all major metropolitan areas had a formal police force. These changes took place largely due to the rapid population growth in American cities.

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A Long Walk to Water is a remarkable story written by Linda Sue Park. The genre of this book is nonfiction, and the theme of this story is hope. Hope is an interesting topic for this book because two children from different time periods show this theme. Nya is an eleven year old girl who lives in the time period of 2008-2009. She walks for water everyday.

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Feminist criminology has been around since the late 1960's and started out centered on speculations brought upon traditional theories of crime. Most traditional theories didn't necessarily ignore women in the criminal justice system yet they generalized crime and what causes a person to turn to crime so that women who commit crimes are overlooked by the generalization. Not only are the numbers skewed when you look at gender in criminal justice offenders but there is also a certain bias in the criminal justice systems workers. In the movie Vera Drake there is a clear example of this when the investigator and the officer come into the movie. While watching you can easily assume that the female officer is treated and thought of much differently

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The development of policing in the United States followed the policing model in England and developed over decades. It was not until the 1880s that the United States established municipal police forces that were present in all major U.S. cities. These municipal police forces were similar in that they had public support, officers were employed and not volunteers, the departments had established protocols and rules, and the departments were accountable to the government (Lundman 1980). Policing is said to have gone through various stages the last few decades. Hooper (2014) points out that policing in the United States has evolved through three eras: The Political Era that had close ties to politics, the Reform Era that was developed because of the deficiencies of the Political Era and then the Community Era, that focused on Community Policing.

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Political Era of policing was estimated at around the years 1800- 1900s.

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In England, the mutual pledge system emerged in which citizens would report crime to the village’s tythingman, similar to today’s police, to receive monetary rewards. Today, this is certainly not the case. Yes, it is still recommended and expected of American citizens to report crime if they witness it, but rewards are not given as a sort of bribe to ensure crime does not take place. Meanwhile, the night watch system emerged in which citizens would patrol at night for crime while constables patrolled during the day; this system is not found in most places nowadays but instead rely on police officers to patrol at all times of the day. In the American policing’s case, the Eight Amendment did not exist at this time, and the idea of “cruel and unusual punishment” was nonexistent.

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There are several stereotypes that are associated with women in Law Enforcement There are many reasons I chose the stereotype that is associated with the profession I chose to pursue once I receive my Bachelors Degree in Criminal Justice. Being a woman that wants to work in Law enforcement has affected me in different ways. It has also had an impact on my life. It acts as a barrier when thinking critically and it is important to think critically when it comes to different stereotypes so that you won’t get off track.

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One of the greatest challenges law enforcement are facing is providing effective policing for minority communities. Some factors that prevent minorities from gaining access to justice or being taken advantage of certain criminal justice services are language barriers, racial stereotyping, and cultural differences. Since the 30 's and 40 's, and even during the 60 's, civil rights activists damaged the police-minority relations in the United States, believing that police only interest are protecting white communities. A big explanation of why there 's a poor police-minority relations in the United States is racism on the part of the individual officers. Many minorities in the United States have continued to complain about being treated more harshly than whites and the Department of Justice believes that racial profiling and police discrimination will continue to be a big problem.

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Although some people may challenge that diversifying police officers will not make a difference in the relationship with communities, police departments mirroring the diversity of communities may mend tension. Notably, the lack of minorities in law enforcement derives from distrust between minorities in communities and law enforcement. In detail, with more policing predicaments emerging, such as police brutality over the recent years, minorities have been more hesitant to join police force due to their

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