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Sigmund Freud's Psychodynamic Theories

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Sigmund Freud has contributed considerably to the field of psychology including, but not limited to, his controversial psychodynamic theory. Freud’s psychodynamic theory states that our personality is formed when we are young by three competing factors: Id (instincts), Ego (compromise of Id and Superego), and Superego (morals and social rules). Freud argues that these three separate but combined forces shape us into the people we are today. If we are able to internally cope with these factors, then we are seen as normal people. It is when we cannot achieve balance between these forces we develop an abnormal psychological disorder. Freud’s theory has been criticized by many and not upheld as a true or acceptable because it has not been proven …show more content…

First, where does abnormal behavior come from? And second, how can scientists use this knowledge to help people with abnormal behavior? Muris claims that a lot researches are now looking for the answers to the holy grail and have dedicated a significant amount of time and work to finding answers. The use of the phrases such as “a lot of researchers” or “an increasing number of researchers” are making a generalization about specifically how many. His argument could be more effective if he used specific numbers to qualify his claims such as “more than one hundred …show more content…

Obviously children who have had a serious trauma or experience negative emotions such as maltreatment, abuse, parental divorce, etcetera in their life are more at risk for abnormal behavior. But in addition to adversity in a child’s life, negative information also can play a part. Children who were given a doll and either were shown negative or positive information later showed that reaction to the doll again. So, conceivably, children can come across various negative information in their lives can develop abnormal behavior. This argument is the most effective because it is the most intuitive. Most people would agree and understand children who experience or come across negative information will be more at risk to develop a psychopathological

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Originally from Austria, Sigmund Freud was a trained neurologist who was particularly interested in the human psyche. Over many years, Freud developed a theory to explain human behavior, what we refer to now as “Freudian Psychology.” First, he divided the mind into three levels, and used the analogy of an iceberg to help others understand it. On the surface, Freud identified the Conscious. It is here that most of our decision making and ideas are processed.

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The young developing brain is easily molded, making it highly responsive to experience and stimulation. Positive environments will support healthy brain development, but exposure to stress and unpropitious childhood experiences can result in changes to the brain that can impact behavior. For example in the short story “Stanhope” the main character is a young boy and he lives in an environment where his moms boyfriend is very abusive. He is exposed to stress and horrible childhood experiences that definitely impact his behavior. In “Lord of the Flies” by William Golding and “Stanhope” by Slick Saim both authors use the children's vulnerability to their environment to show children are not inherently evil but instead are affected by their environment

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An adverse childhood experience is a traumatic event occurring to people under the age of 17. This percentage is significant because it resembles the affect that negative nurturing can have on people, especially at a young age. Another study showed, “50% of serial killers suggest that they have experienced psychological abuse, 36% have experienced physical abuse, and 26% have experienced sexual abuse” (Psychiatr Psychol Law 10). Both of these studies show that negative nurturing, or childhood trauma, could cause people to have negative affects on the world. Further proving that humans are born good but can be nurtured into

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According to Kolk, Hopper and Crozier, all forms of maltreatment have the ability to have significant lasting effects on “cognition, behavior, affect and social interaction.” And can affect neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine systems as well as the immune system of a child. The level of trauma experienced is subjective to the child’s background, age, and environment; amongst numerous other factors but it’s usually affected with an experience of child abuse. It is rather important to note that as the statistics show, all types of abuse, not only neglect have the ability to create major negative impacts in any child’s brain development. Every type of abuse may give us a clue as to why we still see high levels of crime, violence, and further abuse to continue to haunt the world today.

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Emotional abuse can easily go undetected, but it still has very harmful effects on child

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Freud believes that fear of death is a primitive fear shared by all humans, which is true one hundred percent, and that traces back to the old belief that the deceased becomes the enemy of the survivor. From a scientific standpoint, part of the reason we fear death so much is because we know absolutely nothing about it, except that it is a guarantee. Freud shies away from stating death is the fate of absolutely every being by suggesting science has yet to discover a way to make it an avoidable event in life. In Freud’s opinion, one of the solutions humans have come up with to deal with this inevitable fate is to create what he calls the double. So the double is formed during the stage of primary narcissism where the child’s representation of the ego projects onto other objects as an extension of the self as an assurance of immortality.

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The emotional ,social and physical development of young children has an effect on their overall development and on the adult they will become. Sigmund Freud indicated how disruptions in stages of development may relate to current problems in adult hood for example :Trauma at an early stage in life may effectively prevent natural development through that stage this may then have a knock on effect in future stages causing development or learning problems for an adult . It is a positive thing for a client to recognise that certain childhood experiences may have prevented or halted their natural development ,since it provides a rational blame free explanation .If trauma does occur in childhood and problems arise because of that trauma then this

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Psychoanalytic        Theoretical Views Name of theory: Psychoanalytic Theory Founder of the theory: Sigmund Freud View of human nature (include innate capacities/capabilities and motivational constructs): Sigmund Freud viewed human nature as being deterministic and influenced by both sexual energy and instincts (Corey, 2017). He further identifies that soon after birth instincts drive our desire and force internal motivations into the reality of which we live. Although unconscious desires are the driving forces of existence in the beginning, it does not remain the only force through out our lives. We begin to develop into a conscious being as we recognize the world around us. Our external world introduces the conscious mind by showing us moral code, paternal expectations, and presumptions of societal ideology.

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Freud’s Psychodynamic Theory suggests that the personality is controlled by the unconscious mental processes that are developed and determined in early childhood. Based on the theory, the personality is made up of three elements. The first one being the “id” which is guided by the pleasure principle and comprises of an individual’s unintentional and natural desires (especially sexual and aggressive ones) which the individual is born with. The second element is “ego” which is developed from the “id” when the individual is around the age of three. It is guided by the reality principle and is seen as the mediator between the “id” and the “superego” due to the fact that it does give in to the demands made from the “id”.

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Sigmund Freud- Psychoanalysis Sigmund Freud was in the center of the debate he was getting more knowledge about nurture but he was also giving some credibility to nature. Although Freud was at the center of the debate through nurturing he showed us how this theory truly does work with a person and how it makes us who we are. This was after years of research and study in psychoanalysis.

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Carl Jung’s Theory of Personality Anyone who has ever been interested in psychology has at least heard of Sigmund Freud for his hand in helping the advancement and understanding of the human psyche by making the Freudian Theory. In his theory, Freud stated that a person’s personality is formed by conflicts among the three main structures of the human mind: the Id, Ego, and Superego. Fortunately, many essays, reports, books, and websites have commented about the Freudian Theory, but this writing is putting the spotlight on a past friend-turned-enemy of Freud and an under-appreciated piece of history in psychology called the Jungian Theory, named after Carl Jung. Born on July 26, 1875, Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist who is mostly known for the concept of how people can be categorized into introverts and extroverts by the extent of certain functions of consciousness.(Biography) Like Freud, Jung believed that the human psyche is made of three components.

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Psychoanalysis was first introduced by Sigmund Freud and is now known as classical psychoanalysis. The theory, as defined by Sigmund Freud, is the dynamic between underlying forces that determine behavior and personality. He stressed the importance of human sexuality, childhood experiences, and the unconscious processes. However, his theory was seen as misogynistic and narrow focused. Consequently, classical psychoanalysis was criticized and rejected by many scholars.

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These changes may leave victims more vulnerable to depression, addiction and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the study suggests (Szalavitz). In this experiment, it proved how the people who were diagnosed with a mental illness had a history of abuse from a young age and therefore were immune to different illnesses, putting depression at number one. In addition, most children inherited half of the symptoms of depression which, eventually in the future will branch out to different types of mental illnesses. This proves that parental guidance is necessary for a child’s survival because the child itself is born into the world knowing nothing, and thus, will adapt to the surroundings of the world with the help of their leaders. Furthermore, according to the Canadian Mental Health Association; a complex interplay of genetic, biological, personality and environmental factors causes mental illnesses.

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In other words, it is believed that individuals learn this behavior by experiencing or being exposed to sexual deviant behavior. Bartol and Bartol (2012) also suggested that any form of sexual abuse in childhood can shaped longstanding cognitive problems. With this theory, not only being exposed at early onset, but also being exposed at early onset can cause some type of psychological effects. These psychological effects can cause sexual deviant behaviors. Yackovich (2012) stated that many sex offenders suffer from some type of mental disorders.

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The reactions of Freud 's hypothesis can be gathered into three general classifications. To begin with, commentators fight that Freud 's hypothesis is deficient in exact proof and depends too intensely on restorative accomplishments, while others declare that even Freud 's clinical information are defective, incorrect, and specific, best case scenario. Second, the genuine strategy or methods included in analysis, for example, Freud 's thoughts on the elucidation of dreams and the part of free affiliation, have been condemned. At long last, a few faultfinders declare that therapy is basically not a science and a significant number of the standards whereupon it is based are

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