PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment is to conduct a single displacement reaction using a reactant with impurities to deduce its effects on the actual yield of the precipitate by calculating percentage yield. INTRODUCTION In chemical reactions, there are limiting reagents which control the maximum yield of products. On the other hand, excess reactants are other reactants in a reaction that are left over or remain after the limiting reagent has been completely consumed.
The lab started off by measuring critical materials for the lab: the mass of an an empty 100 mL beaker, mass of beaker and copper chloride together(52.30 g), and the mass of three iron nails(2.73 g). The goal of this experiment is to determine the number of moles of copper and iron that would be produced in the reaction of iron and copper(II) chloride, the ratio of moles of iron to moles of copper, and the percent yield of copper produced. 2.00 grams of copper(II) chloride was added in the beaker to mix with 15 mL of distilled water. Then, three dry nails are placed in the copper(II) chloride solution for approximately 25 minutes. The three nails have to be scraped clean by sandpaper to make the surface of the nail shiny; if the nails are not clean, then some unknown substances might accidentally mix into the reaction and cause variations of the result.
Q1 A reversible reaction is one which can go both ways. Reactants react to form products and products can form the reactants again. Under different conditions the reactants and products can still react but may just become a oneway reaction, however a reversible reaction will eventually reach a point of equilibrium where the products are reactant are produced at the same rate.
Throughout the experiment, copper was altered a total of 5 times, but after the final chemical reaction, solid, elemental copper returned. Each time the solution changed color, a precipitate formed, or when gas appeared, indicated that a chemical reaction was occurring. For the first reaction, copper was added to nitric acid, forming the aqueous copper (II) nitrate (where the copper went), along with liquid water, and
The question is, how does a physical or chemical change affect the mass of a substance within a closed system? To respond to this question, my group did a lab to determine whether or not the mass would change or not. Our lab was to have a plastic bag containing baking soda, then add a cup of vinegar and a block of clay to the mix. We made sure to weight every element separately and then add them up for our total mass of 31 grams before the reaction. During the reaction, as soon as the vinegar was poured in there was a gas produced, bubbles.
After performing the lab, it is evident that one of the indicators of a double displacement reaction is the formation of a precipitate in an aqueous solution. This was seen through two of the reactions performed in this lab; sodium sulphate with barium chloride and lead (II) nitrate with potassium iodide. In the reaction between lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide, both of the solutions were transparent liquids before they were mixed. However, after the solutions were mixed, a dark yellow precipitate formed within the aqueous solution. This indicated a chemical reaction occurred in this double displacement reaction.
Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the different types of chemical reactions, those including Copper. There are different types of chemical reactions. A double displacement reaction is a chemical process involving the exchange of bonds between two reacting chemical species. A a decomposition reaction is the separation of a chemical compound into elements or simpler compounds and the single-displacement reaction is a type of
In the presence of a nucleophile and good leaving group, an organic reactant in specific conditions is likely to undergo a chemical reaction, namely, nucleophilic substitution. Nucleophilic substitution consists of two different mechanisms, SN1 and SN2. In this experiment, SN2 is the mechanism tested. SN2 is a relatively fast, one-step mechanism in which the nucleophile attacks the organic reactant and the leaving group diverges from the reactant to become a weak base (Fig. 1). The overall speed of the reaction can increase based on the size or basicity of the nucleophile, or the bulkiness of the carbon group with the leaving group.
A single replacement reaction is when one element replaces a similar element in the compound. A chemical reaction
Referencing our data, it can be determined that out of the three metals, Pb, Cu and Zn, it is shown that Lead (Pb) is more active than Copper (Cu) due to single-replacement reaction that took place. Lead had replaced Copper in the solution. Zinc (Zn), however, had replaced Lead thus leaving Copper to be the least active leaving Zinc to be the most active out of the three. In order of activity from least active, to most active, the metals would be lined up as following: Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mg. From this lineup, it was be determined that hydrogen is more active than the elements silver and copper yet less active than zinc and magnesium.
Title: Exploring Reaction Rates Authors: Lauren Parker*, Serah Wiedenhoefer ( * - Primary Author)
Based off the observations created in this lab, the following conclusions have been made in terms of single displacement reactions. Whether or not these types of reactions proceed can be predetermined by using the activity series. If the lone metal in the left side of the equation is above the second metal in the reactant compound then a reaction will take place. However, if it is not then the reaction will not occur.
I will learn that a reaction is summarized by this formula: 2 H2O2 -->2 H2O + 02. I think my science project is interesting because chemistry happens in the world around you every day, not just in a lab. I think what you would learn can keep you self and prevent you from playing around mixing thing that could hurt you. You can’t mix all liquids and solids together because it could be harmful. Some liquid can cause a chemical reaction when mixing solids.
Tanay Bapna –The focus of our 4th quarter in 9th Grade Science was chemistry. We spent a lot of time in the lab seeing first hand how chemical reactions occur, and practiced writing descriptive designs for the labs we did. Our lab and projects included a melting point lab, flame test lab, an atomic theory essay, a carbon dioxide lab, a pennies to gold lab, and a hydrogen lab. Next year students in 10th grade at HIS will study biology. Tanay is an excellent chemistry student.
In a single-replacement reaction, a molecule composed of a cation, or atom with a positive charge, and an anion, or atom with a negative charge, is introduced to a pure element. When mixed together, the anion from the reactant molecule will transfer over to the pure element, causing the original cation to become a pure element. When magnesium metal is placed in hydrochloric acid: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2. Here, it can be seen that the chlorine anion that was a part of the hydrochloric acid is transferred to the pure magnesium, leaving behind hydrogen. Double-replacement reactions are yet another type of chemical reactions.
