PURPOSE The purpose of this experiment is to conduct a single displacement reaction using a reactant with impurities to deduce its effects on the actual yield of the precipitate by calculating percentage yield. INTRODUCTION In chemical reactions, there are limiting reagents which control the maximum yield of products. On the other hand, excess reactants are other reactants in a reaction that are left over or remain after the limiting reagent has been completely consumed.
The question is, how does a physical or chemical change affect the mass of a substance within a closed system? To respond to this question, my group did a lab to determine whether or not the mass would change or not. Our lab was to have a plastic bag containing baking soda, then add a cup of vinegar and a block of clay to the mix. We made sure to weight every element separately and then add them up for our total mass of 31 grams before the reaction. During the reaction, as soon as the vinegar was poured in there was a gas produced, bubbles.
After performing the lab, it is evident that one of the indicators of a double displacement reaction is the formation of a precipitate in an aqueous solution. This was seen through two of the reactions performed in this lab; sodium sulphate with barium chloride and lead (II) nitrate with potassium iodide. In the reaction between lead (II) nitrate and potassium iodide, both of the solutions were transparent liquids before they were mixed. However, after the solutions were mixed, a dark yellow precipitate formed within the aqueous solution. This indicated a chemical reaction occurred in this double displacement reaction.
Introduction: The purpose of this experiment is to demonstrate the different types of chemical reactions, those including Copper. There are different types of chemical reactions. A double displacement reaction is a chemical process involving the exchange of bonds between two reacting chemical species. A a decomposition reaction is the separation of a chemical compound into elements or simpler compounds and the single-displacement reaction is a type of
Equation 3.1 can be simplified to the following equation γ(t,m;m_m )= e^(α-βm)/〖(t+c)〗^p (3.2) Where a_0=a+bm_m , α=a_0 ln10 and β=b ln10 are defined. |γ_m (t,m;m_m )|=|∂γ(t,m;m_m )/∂m|=e^α/〖(t+c)〗^p βe^(-βm) (3.3) Where |γ_m (t,m;m_m )| represents the absolute value of the partial derivative of γ(t,m;m_m ), and it is the instantaneous daily rate density of aftershocks of magnitude m at time t following a main-shock of magnitude m_m. e^α/〖(t+c)〗^p denotes the mean instantaneous daily rate of aftershocks at time t following the main-shock of magnitude m_m. βe^(-βm) is the exponential probability density function of aftershock magnitudes.
In the presence of a nucleophile and good leaving group, an organic reactant in specific conditions is likely to undergo a chemical reaction, namely, nucleophilic substitution. Nucleophilic substitution consists of two different mechanisms, SN1 and SN2. In this experiment, SN2 is the mechanism tested. SN2 is a relatively fast, one-step mechanism in which the nucleophile attacks the organic reactant and the leaving group diverges from the reactant to become a weak base (Fig. 1). The overall speed of the reaction can increase based on the size or basicity of the nucleophile, or the bulkiness of the carbon group with the leaving group.
A single replacement reaction is when one element replaces a similar element in the compound. A chemical reaction
Referencing our data, it can be determined that out of the three metals, Pb, Cu and Zn, it is shown that Lead (Pb) is more active than Copper (Cu) due to single-replacement reaction that took place. Lead had replaced Copper in the solution. Zinc (Zn), however, had replaced Lead thus leaving Copper to be the least active leaving Zinc to be the most active out of the three. In order of activity from least active, to most active, the metals would be lined up as following: Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, Mg. From this lineup, it was be determined that hydrogen is more active than the elements silver and copper yet less active than zinc and magnesium.
Title: Exploring Reaction Rates Authors: Lauren Parker*, Serah Wiedenhoefer ( * - Primary Author)
Based off the observations created in this lab, the following conclusions have been made in terms of single displacement reactions. Whether or not these types of reactions proceed can be predetermined by using the activity series. If the lone metal in the left side of the equation is above the second metal in the reactant compound then a reaction will take place. However, if it is not then the reaction will not occur.
Mass is anything that takes up space. Mass is made up of small subatomic particles called atoms. Atoms have three main parts electrons, protons, and neutrons. The mass of the atom is found in the nucleus. The Law of Conservation of Mass states that mass cannot be created nor destroyed, and that the mass of the reactants will be equal to the mass of the products.
I will learn that a reaction is summarized by this formula: 2 H2O2 -->2 H2O + 02. I think my science project is interesting because chemistry happens in the world around you every day, not just in a lab. I think what you would learn can keep you self and prevent you from playing around mixing thing that could hurt you. You can’t mix all liquids and solids together because it could be harmful. Some liquid can cause a chemical reaction when mixing solids.
Tanay Bapna –The focus of our 4th quarter in 9th Grade Science was chemistry. We spent a lot of time in the lab seeing first hand how chemical reactions occur, and practiced writing descriptive designs for the labs we did. Our lab and projects included a melting point lab, flame test lab, an atomic theory essay, a carbon dioxide lab, a pennies to gold lab, and a hydrogen lab. Next year students in 10th grade at HIS will study biology. Tanay is an excellent chemistry student.
In a single-replacement reaction, a molecule composed of a cation, or atom with a positive charge, and an anion, or atom with a negative charge, is introduced to a pure element. When mixed together, the anion from the reactant molecule will transfer over to the pure element, causing the original cation to become a pure element. When magnesium metal is placed in hydrochloric acid: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2. Here, it can be seen that the chlorine anion that was a part of the hydrochloric acid is transferred to the pure magnesium, leaving behind hydrogen. Double-replacement reactions are yet another type of chemical reactions.
A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more reactants are converted into products. Chemical reactions are classified into five main reaction types: synthesis, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion. The type of chemical reaction can also be classified in one of two ways: oxidation-reduction or non-oxidation-reduction reactions. Based on my recollecting of prior knowledge and recent studies to obtain background information for this particular lab, I was able to design a hypothesis that I feel incorporated the main aspects of my background information.
