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Sodium Accumulation Lab Report

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Nonosmotic Sodium Accumulation and Salt Sensitive hypertension
As we discussed earlier, high sodium diet causes water retention and increases the blood pressure by increasing extracellular fluid volume. In contrast to this traditional view, Heer et al. 2000 performed an experiment in which they showed that consumption of high dietary sodium causes a relative shift of fluid from interstitial compartment to intravascular space. They selected 32 healthy male subjects and provided them with a diet rich in sodium (50meq/day to 550meq/day)for 7 days. They observed that total body water present in the subjects didn’t increase. However, they observed an increase in plasma volume. On the basis of their observation, they concluded that high sodium diet …show more content…

et al. shows that osmotically inactive sodium can accumulate in the skin without accumulation of water. They performed experiment in Sprague-Dawley rats and fed them with 0.1% or 8% NaCl diet for 8 weeks. They investigated the effect of high dietary sodium on glycosoamineglycans (GAGs) and enzymes involved in GAG chain polymerization. After 8 weeks, they observed an increase in accumulation sodium in the skin with increased intake of high sodium. They also observed that GAG content in the skin was significantly increased in the group fed with high dietary sodium. In addition, they found that sodium accumulation is dependent on GAG content [53]. These observations imply that high dietary sodium regulates the polymerization of GAG chain. The increased polymerization of GAG chain is associated with higher deposition of sodium in the …show more content…

in 2010 further investigated the role of MPS cells in sodium accumulation in skin. When rats lacking MPS cells were fed with high dietary sodium, salt resistant blood pressure state was found to be altered to salt sensitive state. They also observed that in the absence of MPS cells response, salt sensitive hypertension was exaggerated in DOCA rats. This implies that MPS cells helps to control interstitial volume and blood pressure homeostasis by activation of tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein. TonEBP increases the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C in the skin which helps to maintain normal blood pressure due to its osmotic nature

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Several other functions that it plays in the body include: balancing the electrolytes in our system, maintaining the acid-base balance and is significantly essential to muscle contraction and nerve transmissions throughout our body. A deficiency in sodium can put individuals at risk for contracting hyponatremia which is a dangerous condition in which an individual has too little sodium in their blood. The connection between sodium and water is directly correlated in keeping an equal ration of sodium and water in the body. For example, when the body contains too much salt, the body responds in keeping homeostasis by telling the individual to drink excessive water – polydipsia- until there is an equal balanced ratio of sodium to water. In addition, individuals who consume more than the recommended intake of salt tend to show signs of excessive weight gain, but in reality is just a side effect water weight in the body for this its way of maintaining a balance ratio until the salts are expelled from the body.

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This ensures smooth blood flow throughout the body. It further balances out the undesirable effects of excess sodium and supports good kidney function. Lowers high blood cholesterol

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