Solid Tumors Research Paper

SOLID TUMOR

The abnormal mass of tissue that does not contain cysts or liquid area are called solid tumors. It is an abnormal clump of cells. They may be malignant (Having cancer cells) or benign ( non cancerous). Some comman places where the tumor exists are bones , muscles , organs. The cancer of the blood(leukemia ) do not form solid tumor.

CLASSIFICATION OF TUMORS

The types of solid tumors are – Sarcomas and Carcinomas.

The tumors that are formed in bone , lymph vessel , muscle and tendons are called sarcomas.

Examples : Osteosarcoma

The tumors that are formed in the epithelial cells like skin , lining of the organs (bladder , kidneys)

Examples :Adrenocortical carcinoma

Lymphomas are a third type of solid tumor. They are the cancer of

benefits of planned therapy, the wishes of the characteristics patient regarding treatment, and the economic costs associated with therapy. The best approach to treating cancer provides a balance between therapeutic effectiveness and minimization of treatment-associated side effects. Surgery Excision of tumor is the most frequently employed form of tumor therapy. More patients are cured of cancer with surgery than any other treatment method. In recent years, combining it with other treatment modalities such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy has enhanced the effectiveness of

Cure - Tumor excision is most successful when disease is identified early, the tumor is small, and it is confined to a limited area or regional lymph nodes. (1) A margin of normal tissue surrounding the tumor is almost always removed to help to reduce the risk of local recurrence due to infiltration of malignant cells beyond the visible margins of the tumor. (2) Most solid malignancies spread by way of lymphatic. Removal of regional lymph nodes is often performed along with tumor resection to increase the chance of cure. b. Palliation - Even when cure is not a reasonable expectation, tumors may be resected to relieve pain, life threatening hemorrhage, or compression of vital structures such as the spinal cord, vena cava, or trachea. Surgical bypass of obstructing lesions in the gastrointestinal, urinary, or biliary tracts can improve organ function and relieve distressing symptoms.

Limitations of Surgery –

Large invasive tumors, most metastatic disease, and hematological malignancies are essentially unresectable. However, solitary metastases in the liver and lung are sometimes successfully resected. Patients with co-existing systemic disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, COPD, etc.), or those with a poor performance status, may be unable to tolerate surgery.Extensive surgery may affect surrounding normal tissues leading to significant deformity or organ dysfunction. Radiation Therapy Used for the treatment of localized solid tumors when surgery