Ineffective parenting has so many impact on so many different levels; according to (Erikson, n.d.), “Theory of psychosocial development has eight distinct stages,’ ‘According to the theory, successful completion of each stage results in a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtues. Basic virtues are characteristic strengths which the ego can use to resolve subsequent crises. Failure to successfully complete a stage can result in a reduced ability to complete further stages and therefore a more unhealthy personality and sense of self.” Hence, the need for effective parental presence for guidance of proper development. As the popular saying goes, “A child learn what they live.” Also ineffective parentage child can cause lack of …show more content…
Gottfredson and Hirschi’s (1990) argue further that ineffective parenting is the reason why youngsters fail to develop self-control. Gottfredson and Hirschi are clear in their definition as to what constitutes ineffective parenting. According to (James D. Unnever) Ineffective parenting has three component, “Monitoring or tracking the child’s behavior, Recognition of deviant behavior when it occurs, and Consistent and proportionate punishment for the deviant behavior when it is …show more content…
When the child displays deviant behaviors the parent “should” act and punish the child accordingly which brings me to talk about negative and positive punishment. Negative punishment is an important concept in B. F. Skinner 's theory of operant conditioning. In behavioral psychology, the goal of punishment is to decrease the behavior that precedes it. In the case of negative punishment, it involves taking something good or desirable away in order to reduce the occurrence of a particular behavior. (Cherry), “Positive punishment is a concept used in B. F. Skinner 's theory of operant conditioning. The goal of punishment is to decrease the behavior that it follows. In the case of positive punishment, it involves presenting an unfavorable outcome or event following an undesirable