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The Pros And Cons Of Genetic Modification

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Genetic modification for animals involves altering its genetics by changing, adding and removing certain DNA sequence in a way that does not occur naturally. Its aim is to enhance specific characteristic that will work in certain ways to help and benefit humanity. An effect of this production of several protein and drugs that are useful for human society. The ethical issue surrounding the animal welfare has been increased other serval years and requires serious considerations. The state of the animals treated as an experiment at its live source and use of this technology brings with an ethical issue. The issues must be recognized and considered by all stakeholders including veterinarians establish all parties are aware of the ethical issue …show more content…

All cells have 3 things in common no matter what types of cells they are . all cells have a cell membrane which separates the inside of the cell from its environment. Cytoplasm which is a jelly-like fluid and DNA which is the cell’s genetic material. There are 2 broad categories of cells. The first category is eukaryotic cells. They have organelles which include the nucleus and other special parts. Eukaryotic cells are more advance complex cells such as does found in plants and animals. The second category is prokaryotic cells. They don't have a nucleus or membrane inclorgnells. But they do have genetic materials but they do not contain within the nucleus. Prokaryotic cells are always one cell or unicellular organisms, such as …show more content…

Source:

Scipad: the essential workbook for NCEA L2 biology students
Arthur: Jason Rendle
Published: silverback academic media LTD http://www.scipad.co.nz/Digital%20previews/Digital/Year%2012%20Biology%20digital%20external/Level%202%20Biology%20(Ext).html#p=20 https://fas.org/biosecurity/education/dualuse-agriculture/2.-agricultural-biotechnology/index.html ‘video of agriculture Biotechnology’

https://www.peta.org/blog/peta-study-shows-a-stagering-increase-in-animal-use-in-experiments.// ‘PETA Study Shows a Staggering Increase in Animal Use in Experiments’

https://www.britannica.com/science/recombinant-DNA-technology ‘rDNA technology’

http://www.debate.org/opinions/is-it-appropriate-for-animals-to-undergo-genetic-modification ‘Is it appropriate for animals to undergo genitic modification’

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/9498987/Cows-genetically-modified-to-improve-flavour.html ‘Cloning of cow in

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The first category I will analyze is the consequentialist argument, which argues that the negative consequences related to bio-enhancement largely outweigh the benefits when it comes to animal technologies. Within this argument I will address three main concerns: the harm animals may experience as a result of biotechnologies, health risks of the engineered animal, and the suffering animals may go through if used for testing purposes. A large amount of studies on animal genetic enhancement report high rates of miscarriage, stillbirth, early death, and genetic mutations and diseases among the modified subjects. In Bernard Rollin’s The Frankenstein Syndrome: Ethical and Social Issues in the Genetic Engineering of Animals, Rollin lays out an argument he calls “the principle of the conservation of welfare”.

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The increasing developments and availability of the animal byproducts lead to a change in society’s perspective of the world and a perception which is now controlled by the big corporations. Industries began to change their product line to benefit from the genetic advancements. This was evident in many industries, including the food industry replacing chicken with ChickieNobs and the medical industry using pig-grown human organs. Initially both the ‘natural’ and GMO variants of products were available, however with the control of

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In an increasingly scientific and technological world, ethics and responsibility continue to dominate scientific discussion. These themes are especially noteworthy in the field of biotechnology. Biotechnology is not inherently controversial, as humanity has been doing it for “generations.” These efforts yielded better and healthier crops for human consumption along with preferred breeds of horses, sheep and other animals.” (Facts on File)

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Some genetic engineering is to improve resistance of livestock to disease, for example, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (‘mad cow disease’) in cattle. It can also be used to remove characteristics that cause injury, for example, selecting for cattle without

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Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) are all around us. From fruits and vegetables, to types of animals. Some people find GMO to be okay, but other people find it wrong, both physically and ethically. Some questions we will be looking at throughout this essay is; how are GMO products made, what are some pros and cons, and should it be legal or illegal. We will then compile all this information to form a final conclusion based on reliable facts.

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There is a wide range of possibilities that become of editing DNA. A current example of its use is an increased resistance to predatory insects. Because of this, less pesticide is used on crops like corn, cotton, and eggplants. Producers spend less on insecticide, and food is now safer to eat by the consumer (Bryant). In times of need, genetically modified organisms can solve a number of solutions.

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The concept of genetic engineering and Genetically Modified Organisms (or GMO) started to gain momentum in the mid-1990’s. Riddled with controversy from scientists and the public alike, GMO research and progress has continued at a rapid rate through the 2000’s. Genetically Modified Organisms is a term that spans plants and animals, with the first genetically modified animal introduced to the public being “GloFish” and the first public genetically modified plant being a tomato. Since then, scientists have worked on many plants and animals, including producing glow-in-the-dark rabbits and modifying bacterium to produce better pharmaceuticals. The real controversy lies in the Genetically Modified Crops and agriculture produced and sold to the public.

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As an advocate for agriculture, it is very important that we understand the acceptance that GM animals will have and how it may affect animal welfare, producers acceptance, and what kind of impact this may have on smaller livestock producers and family run operations in what kind of risk it will put the livestock pharmaceuticals at. The production of genetically modified livestock could greatly change how we handle disease and production from an operational standpoint. We could use fewer animals, more clones, fewer antibiotics, and more resistance. The majority of GM animals have already been brought up in labs across universities in America and overseas, one of the more popular animals being rodents, but here recently, pigs have been used a great amount of medical research, which is a whole new can of worms.

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The data also show an increase in the use of mice which are the most commonly used species for genetic engineering which is sad considering as mice have no law protecting how hay are treated in labs because of how cheap and easy they are to breed and produce more of, making them over 90% of the genetically engineered animals used in lab testing . It has been said by professionals that once there has been

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Genetically modified organisms, also known as “GMOs” have not been around in the consumer world for longer than one-hundred years, yet they are already a topic of discussion as well as concern for numerous people. The use of GMOs in our food, primarily animals, poses ethical questions about the abuse of these animals’ in addition to the unnatural ways that the they are genetically formed into being; i.e. chicken injected with hormones to modify their growth to the extent that they are unable to move. GMOs have also been used to create increased fortified rice to grow in underdeveloped and famined countries to help nourish those in the country. Both pose the ethical awareness of the use of GMOs furthermore increasing the difficulty in the discussion of imposing laws against the use of them. The practice of genetically modifying organisms should not be used when animals are in the mix, it is not okay to modify an animal to increase production or customer satisfaction at the animals expense.

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Human genetic engineering Human genetic engineering, the manipulation of genes in an organism intended to better an organism, is quickly becoming a controversial topic in society. As technology advances and more tests are conducted, society becomes a step closer to creating the “perfect” baby. Many possibilities have become a reality, and questions such as, “How would the practice of human genetic engineering influence diversity in society?” have been raised. To answer this, many factors and situations must be taken into consideration.

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A study was found that scientists injected genes from bacteria known as archaea into cells and then into cow embryos using the technique used to clone dolly sheep. Five calves were born were born and three were found to carry genes with low lactose milk while two of them died. When manipulating cows to have desired traits its probable they will die or have a mutation. Focusing on the good benefits artificial selection brings is that cows will make more milk and beef for the benefit of humans to have more quantity. Biotechnology is good is breeding to remove the harmful characteristics that some cows may inherit such as selecting cattle without

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In discussion of human genetic modification (HGM) or human genetic engineering, one controversial issue has been the point of view of this method. On one hand, scientists and medical professionals argue that HGM is the door to the future where everything will be possible; it will be a big step for science and a leap forward that will help eliminate many diseases such as cancer, diabetes and HIV. On the other hand, some people argue that HGM will have economic problems. Moreover, others maintain that genetic modification is intended only to create the perfect human. My personal view is that I disagree with human genetic modification because this method could have some risk factors.

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This essay will look more on the advantages and disadvantages of genetic engineering. Genetic engineering has some advantages. Firstly it allows for faster growth rate .Genetic engineering allows of plants or animals to be modified so their maturity can occur at a quicker pace outside of the normal growth conditions that are favourable without genetic changes as well .Secondly, it may also provide a cure for disease to improve health (apecsecadmin, 2014). Genetic engineering can be used to eradicate a number of incurable and deadly disease which could be done by identifying the genes that cause these disease, and manipulate them to prevent people from contracting these potentially deadly diseases.

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