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Juvenile crime statistics united states paper
Juvenile delinquency over the years
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The federal government’s “War on Crime” by the Johnson administration in the 60s made way for tougher law enforcement and surveillance (Hinton, 2015). However, with this came the separation of children and adults in the criminal justice system; then the separation of juvenile delinquents from status offenders. As mentioned, status offenders are different from juvenile delinquents because they had broken rules which apply to only children. Meanwhile, juvenile delinquents are youths under the age of 18, who committed offenses that would be punishable to adults as well. By the late 1960s, there became a growing concern that juveniles involved in the court-based status-offense system, were not getting their best interests met (Shubik & Kendall, 2007).
Youth crime is one of the most prevalent, ongoing issues within Canadian society. Beginning predominantly in the 1960s with the baby boomers and reaching dangerous levels with the crime spike leading into the 21st century, adolescent crime has become a topic of strong interest. Over time, multiple methods have been implemented to eliminate these young offenders. Although large strides have been made in reducing the amount of crime among Canadian minors, the nation is still burdened by this serious matter. In 2014, Allen and Superle (2016) found that 13% of all people accused of crime were Canadian youth.
In this paper, I will be summarizing and discussing the key points about a bulletin written by The Office of Juvenile and Delinquency Prevention name "Juvenile Arrest 2008. " I will also discuss the overall decreased in juvenile arrests and the increase in drug offenses. Included in this paper will be the implication for female juvenile offenders and members of different ethnic including minorities. I will also discuss the increased in the arrest of juvenile females offenders vs. the decreased of male juveniles offenders for violent crimes. I will discuss how the tracking of juvenile arrest could be used as a method to measure the amount juvenile crime.
According to TIME, 1 in 3 people have been arrested before they are twenty-three. “1 in 3 people are arrested before they are 23” (Reaves 5). So, they committed these crimes as juveniles, should they convicted as adults? They should only be convicted as adults if did a felony and they have a criminal record prior to that. They should be convicted as adults if they have a prior criminal record because people who have a criminal record prior to that are thirty-four percent more likely to commit another crime.
Through the study of adolescents and cognitive development, psychologists and scientists often discuss the debate concerning whether adolescents are fully responsible for their actions. This is a significant issue not just historically but also presently, as many still consider if the judicial system should prosecute adolescents the same way adults are. Thus, many have debated whether or not adolescents should be punished as adults for their crimes, or given lesser punishments due to their undeveloped brains. In fact, over the years the United States’ criminal justice system has changed how they treat juveniles a number of times. In the past, adolescents have been tried as adults, but in different periods they have also been sent to juvenile rehabilitation centers.
(Turner, 2011) The trends in juvenile crime are better analyzed through the media reporting the crime rate as well as the media has helped to provide the information which presents the insights to why and how crime happen and what is the core issue behind the crime. Theory also suggests that the youth self-reporting is also a vulnerable mean of assessing variation over time in law-breaking behaviors. (Mears, Cochran, Greenman, Bhati, & Greenwald,
There are differences between a juvenile court and criminal court in the United States. The focus of the juvenile justice system is on rehabilitation, in hope of deterring the minor away from a life of crime so they will not commit a crime again as an adult. In contrast, the criminal justice system focuses on the punishment and often bases the sentencing outcome on the criminal history of the youth. In a study conducted, Butler (2011) showed that the participants’ experience with adult jails and prisons show that those facilities may instill fear but are otherwise emotionally—and often physically—dangerous for youth. Many of the adult prisoners, who were minors when they enter the adult institution, felt they were forced to “grow
While examining the rates of the victims two interesting factors stood out, the age of the victim and the relationship to the offender. Age groups of the victims were broken down like this, children in middle childhood ranged between the ages of 6 – 11, teenagers ranged between 12 – 17, leaving young children to be 5 or younger (Filkelhor & Ormrod, 2001). The teenage offender has the higher rate of victimization following a pattern much like adult victims, with homicides mostly involving male victims and male offenders. Compared to the other two age categories teenagers had the highest percent of not knowing the offender at nine percent, children under the age of 12 were at 3 percent (Filkelhor & Ormrod, 2001). Children that fall in the middle
It was not until the 20th century that things started changing in the way that children were charged for an offence. Children and juveniles were charged just as much as an adult would have been. Children and juveniles were eligible for the same kind of punishment as an adult… Including the death penalty. Over the year, the attitude towards juveniles who committed or where involved in crimes started to change.
The Juvenile Act sought to increase the accountability of violent juvenile offenders and even mentioned that the penalties imposed by the juvenile offenders in a more punitive manner resembling the adult court system. Many state legislatures had already responded “punitively to the youth violence epidemic of the mid- 1980s to mid- 1990s, and all but six states either expanded or implemented laws that the sought to increase the number of juvenile offenders waived to adult criminal court.” The Juvenile Act merely represents the federal codification of this trend, enshrining a national shift from a rehabilitative focus on juvenile crime to a new retributive focus on the treatment of violent juvenile offenders in American courts and legislatures.
Annotated bibliography Childress, S. (2016, June 2). More States Consider Raising the Age for Juvenile Crime. Retrieved from PBS: http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/more-states-consider-raising-the-age-for-juvenile-crime/ More states are considering to raising the age for juvenile crimes before being tried as adult because young offender's mental capacity. The idea is to cut the cost of incarcerate young offender in adult prison and ensure offenders to receive proper education and specialized care to change their behavior. Putting children in adult prison does not deter crime.
Juvenile and delinquency seems to be a growing trend in America, what are some of the issues that communities and society in whole face when dealing with juvenile delinquency and discuss what is referred to as the development of a juvenile status? Juvenile delinquency refers to a wide variety of violations ranging from minor offenses, communities and society have to deal with underage drinking accidents, vehicle theft, smoking, reckless driving, assault, vandalism, and prank calls. Some of the causes and conditions of delinquency are obvious: poverty, drugs, gangs, abuse and neglect. We are confronted by a society that is becoming more complex, more mobile and more dysfunctional. Such as, teen pregnancy, suicide, smoking and running away.
Juvenile Delinquency is a phenomenon that affects communities worldwide according to media reports, both print and electronic, where worrying images of youths involved in behavior outside societal norm has been highlighted. This issue has been studied by researchers locally, regionally and internationally where results has shown that delinquency has been influenced by a number of factors such as age, gender, race, family circle, environment, socioeconomic status et cetera. This research paper attempts to examine Juvenile delinquency and the effects of social structure on form (III) three students attending secondary schools in Trinidad. A structural functionalist perspective will be used based on factors that influence delinquency such as Poverty, Ideology of hegemony, and discrimination.
In recent years, the average age for first arrest has dropped significantly, and younger boys and girls are committing crimes. Between 60-80%
(1988). Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice and Law (3rd ed.). United States of America: West Publishing Company. Wright, W. &.
