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The Stroop Effect

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A written word colorful generates two kinds of stimuli: the color itself and the word with its meaning. In the procedures performed by Besner et al. (1997), this conflict was investigated using different levels. Each one of these levels, congruent and incongruent words, all word or single letter colored, pseudohomophone, and non-words, requires a different representation that can help to do the tasks. Analog representations are required for detect the color on a word. The relationship between the color itself (symbol) and the word carrying this color (object) should not be arbitrary, it should be exactly as possible. For the single letter colored condition, the subject should do only the representation of the letter colored and its color, …show more content…

It is not necessary to make inferences by others representations (implicit representations) to detect colors. Colors are perceived by the visual receptors that we have in the back of the eyes, specifically by the three kinds of cones, each one is maximally sensitive to a different set of wavelengths. As the words have meaning, a semantic representation may also occur. Consequently, an analog representation will take place, relating that meaning with an image. This is a problem for incongruent words because this semantic representation may overlap the analog representation of the color, which leads to Stroop effect. On the other hand, non-words do not have meaning, so their semantic representation are not a problem. In the case of the pseudohomophone condition, a sound based representation is required since the words' meaning do not correspond to colors. These semantic representations can be manipulated if the subject do not pay attention at the word itself and try to see it as a colored object. In fact, this would be the ideal strategy to complete the experiments accurately. If successfully accomplished, this goes against the idea that reading is an automatic process and the semantic activation cannot be

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Basically when a symbol is allowed to have meaning, it allows our brain to connect visual areas to both the conceptual and language areas within the brain. The linguistic principles helped the novice readers learn words while some groups shared pronunciations. Some students were required to use both phonics and semantics to aid in the recollection of reading and writing. However, the teachers in today’s society still debate the use of phonics vs semantics.

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The artwork Untitled: Four Etchings by Glenn Ligon contains an immense amount of depth and symbolism using Zora Neale Hurston’s famous depiction of her relationship with racism. In his piece, Ligon utilizes a unique style of texture through his portrayal of the noteworthy phrase “ I do not always feel colored… ... I feel most colored when I am thrown against a sharp white background,” (Hurston). As one looks from the top of the image down, there is an extremely noticeable transition in the texture of the words from clear, smooth letters into letters that are blurry and smeared.

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The function of the colouring as well as the patterns is a sign to warn the

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Color is a huge part of how people view different emotions and feelings. For an example, when people see the color black, they may feel darkness and loneliness. Using color as a description in books can really help the reader better understand what the author is trying to get across. Color can mean so much more than shades and tints, it can show true meaning and emotion. It's proven that warm colors trigger thoughts of happiness, energy, and optimism.

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885 Words | 4 Pages

Such thinking is useful in particularly familiar situations, as well as when immediate action is required. For example, when a person is asked to think about an animal that starts with the letter ‘E’, he or she will most likely think of an elephant first before an eagle or eel. Similarly, in a test that requires one to think of a fruit that starts will the letter ‘A’, an apple will most likely come to mind instead of an apricot. The same can be applied to the color of the apple, whereby most people will think of red instead of green. This is perhaps

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1669 Words | 7 Pages

Eight nouns were presented each active block. Stimuli were selected from the list of words used by Crescentini et al. (2008). During the control period an illegal letter string was presented for 1 s, followed by a 1 s white fixation cross during which subjects were instructed to maintain central fixation. Eight illegal letter strings, balanced for length with those of the active blocks, were presented for each control

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Black and brown), and when the word starts with the same letter it increases the amount of Stroop

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1201 Words | 5 Pages

Furthermore, I wanted to choose a topic that peaked my interest and would catch people’s eye. As I began searching, I came across many topics that involved the brain, which had instantly resonated with me. After days of contemplation, I decided to use the topic,The Stroop Effect, as my experiment. The Stroop Effect is essentially a phenomena that demonstrates how the brain processes conflicting information by using color and word recognition, which are processed on different sides of the brain. (MINOR II FOR MA)

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Valeria Oceguera Extra credit study questions Chapter 3 The concept of absolute threshold is how limited someone can see,hear,smell,taste or touch and how long it takes for the person to notice something with the five senses. Weber’s law is the reaction we have on something depends on our intensity, how long it takes for us to react. Sensory accommodation is how long it takes someone to get use to the change and an example for this law would be in a classroom, if the lights are off for a long period of time and the lights come back on, the students will notice the change in the lights.

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Confused by her choice, Lily asks August “How come if your favorite color is blue, you painted your house so pink?” (Kidd 146). The color blue is symbolic of August’s own preference, an easy choice she is eager to make, but knows she can not without taking into account the opinions of her sisters. August replies, “I had a nice tan color in mind, but May latched on this sample called Caribbean Pink” (Kidd 147). The tan color represents a neutral ground, an okay color that would be accepted by both parties, rather than choosing one color over the other.

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Grapheme-color synesthetes, the most common, can see letters and numbers as different colors like the picture example. Not all synesthetes see the same numbers and letters as the same colors. Someone might see a “1” as blue, but someone else might see it as yellow. In lexical-gustatory synesthesia, people are able to taste different words, like in the case of James Wannerton. Synesthesia was first thought to be from drugs, hyperactive imaginations, or childhood memories, but that doesn’t explain why everybody doesn’t have synesthesia, but this does not accurately explain the condition.

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Colorful World Tutorial To summarize what I learned in the Colorful World tutorial, the current theory of color vision come from the two predominant scientific theories from Hering’s and Young-Helmholtz. The two theories have been combined to create the current unified theory of color vision that the first stage of color processing incorporates the trichromatic theory on how color is processed through cones and the second stage involves the opponent processing theory. Our tutorial and our text go into a great deal of detail on the dynamics of color vision and how we experience color. Our text states that “Our perception of color is primarily determined by the wavelength of light that an object reflects”.

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Stuart Hall forwarded in his new model of communication that the production and circulation of meaning do not solely reside at any particular moment of the circuit model. Instead, he mentioned that the model (which he proposed as an alternative to the traditional model that works in a linear fashion) comprises of what he called “moments”. Hall used the term “moment” to refer to the circulation and distribution of meaning. These “moments” in the model include: “moment” of encoding, “moment” of the text, and “moment” of decoding. These “moments” in the communication model show that the production of meaning happens all throughout and is governed by the following principles: over determination and relative autonomy.

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First of all, the presence of word barrier should alert us to meticulously pick the right words during communication. Word barrier exists if the words we choose cannot be understood by the receiver. This is because the meaning that we are trying to share fails to be decoded. Second, we assign different meanings to different words; hence word choice does make a difference because words contain a denotative and connotative meaning. By definition, denotative meaning refers to an objective, dictionary meaning.

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First of all, language affects our perception of color. For example, many languages don’t have words for certain colors, or consider some colors more basic than others. According to the Business

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