Theoretical Perspectives Of ADHD Research

II. Theoretical Perspectives There are very few theories of discussion for ADHD that aim to explain the thoughts and behaviors of those diagnosed with the disorder. Two of the main theories discussed are theory of the mind, theory of self-regulation and social construct theory to help to give a better insight into the minds of those diagnosed with ADHD and how to help them cope with the disorder. Theory of the mind allows individuals to understand that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspective that are different from one's own. With those that are diagnosed with ADHD this can cause barriers to social interaction as it affects their ability to have that understanding and see and accept the differentiations of themselves and

Within the social construct theory it implicates that ADD and ADHD are generally speaking, not biological or psychiatric disorders, but can be better explained by environmental causes or even the personality type of the individual. This theory supports the idea that many children are over diagnosed with ADHD as many of the behaviors that they are exhibiting are normal behaviors for their ages and just apart of them being a product of their environment (Timimi & Taylor, 2003). The behaviors that these children are exhibiting are normal behaviors that are exaggerated by environmental factors that affect the child’s

Self-regulation is referred as any action an individual directs at themselves so as to result in a change in their behavior in order to change the likelihood of a future consequence of attainment of a goal. Executive functioning (EF) is referred to as those neuropsychological processes needed to sustain problem-solving toward a goal (Barkley, 1997). Barkley sees an EF as a type of action you are directing at yourself for purposes of self-regulation. ADHD individuals are seen as those that have deficits in the executive functioning areas of self-restraint, self-motivation and self-directed play for problem-solving. These, as with other behaviors, are things that can also be seen in those with traumatic brain injuries but will appear less mature in their ability to engage in self-regulation (Barkley, 1997). The best form of treatment for these individuals is a form of motivation to help them recognize their problems and reward them for their positive