VARK Learning Styles VARK (visual, aural, read/write, and kinesthetic) Learning Styles Model was developed by Fleming and Mills and identified four learning preferences (Kitchie, 2017). The model focuses on the individual’s preferred method of learning new material and demonstrating learned knowledge (Kitchie, 2017). The VARK model is designed to be a conversation starter about the different teaching and learning strategies the can be used (Kitchie, 2017).
Jung and Myers–Briggs Typology Carl Jung developed a theory of personality which involved typology of introversion and extroversion (Kitchie, 2017). Jung’s theory explained the similarities and differences in personalities and how an individual’s personality affects how they perceive or take in information
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This pair of opposite preferences explain how individuals understand what is experienced (The Myers & Briggs Foundation, n.d.). Individuals who prefer sensing, experience the world using their five senses. Sensing individuals observe carefully, gather facts, and focus on practical actions (The Myers & Briggs Foundation, n.d.). Individuals who prefer intuition read between the lines, focus on the meaning of things, and view the world through possibilities (The Myers & Briggs Foundation, n.d.). Intuitive people use body language and tones of voice as clues to a conversation, and are creative thinkers (The Myers & Briggs Foundation, n.d.).
Thinking–Feeling (T–F). This pair of opposite preferences explain how individuals arrive at judgments through objective versus subjective processes (The Myers & Briggs Foundation, n.d.). Thinkers are slow to analysis data, use logic instead of emotions to make decisions, and explore all options before reaching a final decision (The Myers & Briggs Foundation, n.d.). Feelers see the world as gray and not black and white. Feelers and empathetic, and worry about how their decision will effect themselves and others (The Myers & Briggs Foundation,