Who were the most prominent Indo-European migrants that settled throughout the Indus valley following the decline of Harappan society? What does their name mean?
The most prominent Indo-European migrants that settled throughout the Indus Valley following the decline of Harappan society were nomadic and pastoral peoples speaking Indo-European languages who called themselves Aryans. By meaning, Aryans stand for noble people.
When these new migrants entered India, what type of economy did they heavily depend upon?
When these new migrants entered India, they depended heavily on a pastoral economy.
What commodity was quite valuable to them and how did they replenish their stock? Why?
The commodity that was quite valuable to the Aryans were horses
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It was often used to calculate prices.
What are the Vedas? How were they transmitted?
The Vedas identify Indra. Who is Indra and what does he represent for the Aryans?
The vedas were collections of hymns, songs, prayers and rituals honoring the various gods of the Aryans. They were transmitted orally from one generation to another in their sacred language, Sanskrit. In addition, Indra was the Aryan war god and military hero. He was represented as one who ravaged citadels, smashed dams, and destroyed forts the way age consumes cloth garments.
How were the Aryans organized politically during the Vedic Age? What impact did this type of political structure have on their society during this time?
During the Vedic Age, politically, the Aryans did not have a state or common government but, rather formed hundreds of chiefdoms organized around herding communities and agricultural villages. Thus, because of their close proximity, this practice encouraged competition for resources and created enormous potential for conflict.
Following Aryan migrations in India, what type of economic foundations emerged with regard to food supply and specialized labor? What changed regarding their political