Why Are Water Molecules Dissolved In Water

In the first experiment (the solvent abilities of water), the samples of salt and sugar are all dissolved in water because of water’s special chemical structures. One water molecule consists of two oxygens bonded with one hydrogen atom by single covalent bonds. Oxygen is more electronegativity then hydrogen, therefore, it attracts the electrons from the covalent bonds stronger than hydrogen does; these are called polar covalent bonds. This create partially positive and partially negative regions of electrical charge in water molecules (oxygen region has negative charge while hydrogen region has positive charge), which give water a net dipole moment. This net dipole moment gives water the ability to attract to other water molecules and other

For example: from the experiment, we observed and concluded that NaCl, or salt, can be dissolved in water. When NaCl molecules is placed in water, Na ions with positive charges and Cl ions with negative charges are separated from each other. Then, these positive and negative ions are attracted to the positive and negative regions in water molecules due to their opposite charges. Thus, Na and Cl ions are surrounded by many water molecules, creating a shield that distinct these dissolved ions from the crystal dissolving the salt. These things also happen when sugars dissolve in water. For example, sucrose, a type of sugar, completely dissolve in water. There are several oxygen and hydrogen bonds in this sugar molecule, which held this molecule with positive and negative charge polar bonds. When sucrose is placed in water, stronger polar bonds from water pull away and separate each of the sucrose molecules by separate the weaker attraction between the polar bonds in sugar molecules. From there, sucrose molecules bond with water molecules due to their opposite charges. Finally, sugar molecules will dissolve in

The increase or decrease of acid or base in the environment could cost some serious damage to living organisms. For instance: human blood is made of acids and bases. It has the normal pH around 7.4. If there are some factors such as sickness or environmental factors that affect the normal blood pH, the body system in human body will be affected. This may lead to many serious damaging in human body, such as acidosis; a disease that occurs when there is an excessive amount of acid in one’s body. Carbon dioxide build up in human body and lower the pH of the blood. Without treatment, this can cause some serious health complications, shock and even death. On the contrast, alkalosis, another type of disease due to the change of pH in human blood, occurs when there are too much bases in the blood. Untreated, alkalosis can progress to paralysis, heart problems or kidneys failure. However, human is not the only organism that would be affected by pH; the bio system in the nature will also be influenced by the changes in pH. Acid rain damages trees and forests by taking their nutrients, causing infections and insects. It also lowers the pH levels in lakes and streams, which releases aluminum into the soil and destroys the whole aquatic. Therefore, it is important to maintain the pH level in the environment to protect the living of all organisms on