ABO blood group system Essays

Introduction: ABO blood group system was first known in 1901 by an Austrian immunologist Karl Landsteiner. He mixed red cells suspensions, taken individually from many people, with some separated sera. He got four patterns of agglutination. ABO groups frequency changes in different group populations. Asians have a high incidence of group B whereas Amerindians almost have group O. In the UK, the percent of the four blood groups are: A (42%), O (46.5%), AB (3%), and B (8,5%). (1) Karal Landsteiner

Definition of blood groups In 1901, the first blood group system was discovered by Austrian biochemist Karl Landsteiner. Landsteiner discovered that depending on the characteristics of a person erythrocytes and the presence of certain antibodies in their plasma to erythrocyte antigens, individuals could be categorised into various groups. These findings laid the fundamentals for safe routine transfusion of blood. He then started to separate the erythrocytes from the plasma taken from individuals blood and

The ABO blood group system is the most important blood type system in human blood transfusion (Campbell, Neil A., 2008). Our blood is composed of blood cells and an aqueous fluid known as plasma. Human blood type is determined by the presence or absence of certain identifiers on the surface of red blood cells. These identifiers, also called antigens, help the body's immune system to recognize its own red blood cell type. There are four main ABO blood type groupings: A, B, AB, and O. These blood groups

CALLA Lesson Plan Template Instructor Joseph Nathanson Lesson Title Blood Typing through Punnet Squares Subject Life Science Grade Level 7/8th grade Content Objectives SWBAT Read and answer questions about blood types and use information to create a Punnett Square. ( ABO blood typing ) Language Objectives SWBAT speak and write about their own prior knowledge and cultural experiences including their family history of any diseases. Strategy Objectives SWBAT interact with new scientific language through

series of different sources. These sources included epithelial cells from the inside of the cheek as well as a collection of red blood cells. In regards to the cheek cells, the presence of the Con A receptor was seen by binding this substance with horseradish peroxidase in order to produce a visible color. In regards to the collection of red blood cells, a small portion of blood was collected, and each portion was mixed with a variety of substances to study the agglutination of the cells. Special detail

3. In My Antonia, Cather uses symbols from nature to express the essential aspects of the lives of the characters. Some symbols are of the land: the prairie, the grass, winter, etc. Other symbols are animals: badgers, wolves, rattlesnakes, larks, etc. Choose three symbols and discuss how they convey information about the daily lives of the characters, how the characters relate to each other and/or how Cather views life. Willa Cather’s use of symbols in her book, My Antonia, not only expresses the

process and store blood plasma in "blood donation centers." He coordinated the blood plasma projects of the United States and Great Britain in World War II, however surrendered after a decision that the blood of African-Americans would be isolated. He passed on April 1, 1950. A spearheading African-American restorative specialist, Dr. Charles R. Drew made some notable disclosures in the capacity and handling of blood for transfusions. He additionally oversaw two of the biggest blood donation centers

Their blood therefore will not normally be rejected when it is given to others with different ABO types (universal donors). This also means they can only receive type O blood themselves. It is also evident from the table that those who have type AB blood do not make any ABO antibodies. Their blood does not discriminate against any other ABO type (universal receivers). This also means that their blood cannot be given to people with any other type because

the results faster than various other methods and provides visible results. Diagnosis of various diseases can be done by this method provided the antibodies are present in blood, urine, plasma or fluid of bone marrow. The following paper discusses the clinical application of agglutination reaction in testing the ABO, Rh blood grouping, test for typhoid

does blood type affect pregnancy? It’s important for women to find out their blood type at the start of their pregnancy. Blood will be taken to find out, and there are four different types: A, B, AB and O. In addition to blood type, women can have Rh factor (specifically Rhesus D antigen), which is when proteins appear on the surface of the blood. Women who do have Rh factor are classified as Rh positive (A+, B+, AB+ and O+) and women who don’t are Rh negative (A-, B-, AB- and O). The blood type

Importance of knowing your blood group A blood type is a classification of blood that is based on the presence and absence of antibodies as well as the presence and absence of inherited antigenic substances on the surface of the red blood cells or RBC. The antigens may be composed of carbohydrates, glycoproteins, glucolipids or proteins which depends on the blood group system. Blood types are inherited from both parents. The two most important blood group systems are ABO and RhD antigen in which they

Have you ever wondered who came up with ABO blood types? Well if you Karl Landsteiner is the answer. Karl Landsteiner was born on June 14th 1868 in Vienna, Austria. His father Leopold Landsteiner was a Doctor of Law and a journalist known well throughout Austria. Karl’s father died when Karl was six years old and he was raising by his mom Fanny Hess. After making several well-known discoveries Karl died on June 26th 1943 in New York City, New York (www.nobelprize.org). After finishing school

Only Botulinum toxins type A and B are commercially available. Four types of botulinum toxin are approved by FDA for clinical use in the USA. 1. Onabotulinumtoxin A (A/Ona,Botox) 2. Incobotulinumtoxin A (A/Inco,Xeomin) 3. Abobotolinumtoxin A (A/Abo,Dysport) 4. Rimabotuliniumtoxin B (B/Rima, Myobloc) Botulinum toxin is a single-chain protein that is inactive until cleaved by its own proteases into one heavy and

cells, tissues, or organs from one site to another. The malfunction of an organ system can be corrected with transplantation of an organ (eg, kidney, liver, heart, lung, or pancreas) from a donor. However, the immune system remains the most formidable barrier to transplantation as a routine medical treatment. As the immune system is responsible for the rejection of grafts understanding the mechanisms by which the immune system reject the graft helps in the treatment and development of drugs and ways

thermally controlled at the Animal House Lab., Pharmacology and Chemistry Research Centre, Misr University for Science and Technology (6th October, Giza, Egypt). After an acclimatization period of 1 week, the animals were divided into four groups (10 rats/group) and housed in filter-top polycarbonate cages (five rats per cage). All animals have received human care in compliance with the guidelines of the Animal Care and Use Committee of the Pharmacology and Chemistry Research Centre (6th October City

characteristics that influence a system in this case in the inheritance of genetic traits. Inheritance is the assumption of passing down of traits or characteristic. Genetic traits are referred to as a phenotype an observable trait such as height, eye color, and blood type. The genetic contribution to a phenotype is a genotype