Analytical chemistry Essays

Lab 8: Chromatographic Analysis of Analgesic Drugs Written by Gurleen Bhangoo Robinjot Kaur CHEM 3301-02 Professor Jeffery Crisman 21 March 2023 Abstract: Chromatography is an analytical method that is used to separate a mixture of chemical compounds into their individual components, allowing the individual components to be thoroughly analyzed. In this experiment, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is performed to identify an unknown drug, and then column chromatography is used to separate out the

or solid that stays where it is that is known as stationary phase. As the mobile phase moves, it separates out into its components on the stationary phase and identify one by one afterwards. (1) The development of Gas Chromatography (GC) to be an analytical technique to separate the components of a mixture

Paper Chromatography is a method used to separate colored substances and mixtures, such as chemicals. Furthermore, paper chromatography is used to test the amounts of a certain chemical, sequencing RNA and DNA, and purify chemicals. (Sources) https://owlcation.com/stem/What-is-Paper-Chromatography-and-How-does-it-Work https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-uses-of-chromatography The purpose of candy chromatography is to demonstrate that different pieces of candy can be separated into different compounds

Materials and Methods: For the chromatographic separation of plant pigments, pieces of spinach were ground with acetone to produce a watery extract. A line of extract was applied 1 cm from the bottom of a strip of chromatography paper. The line dried and the extract was reapplied. Once that dried, the paper was placed into a jar containing a small amount chromatography solvent (small enough that the line was not drowned by the solvent) which is made of 1 part acetone and 9 parts petroleum ether

In order to properly separate the molecules from the spinach extract, throughout the column chromatography, we were required to pay close attention to how the bands were flowing through the column. This entailed monitoring the level of the solvent being used to elute the extract and what type of solvent was being used. Beginning the chromatography, we used hexanes because they were the least polar which extracted the least polar molecule from the extract (carotenes). The carotenes did not want to

Quantification and separation of chiral compound are considerable appealing because of the difference in pharmacological and toxicological properties of enantiomers. Sometimes one of the enantiomers demonstrates the desirable effect while the other could be less active or inactive or even have adverse effects.44 Several technique such as HPLC, supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), and GC are used for separation of chiral compound. As a complimentary technique, capillary electrophoresis is also

TLC Introduction Chromatography is a physical method used to separate chemical mixtures into their distinctive constituents. The chemical mixture is allowed to dissolve in the fluid (mobile phase). The mobile phase carries a chemical mixture through a structure containing other packed material (stationary phase). Different components of the chemical mixture move at different speeds through the stationary phase, and this enables them to separate into characteristic chemical constituents. The separation

This Layer Chromatograph The objective of the lab was to reveal the active components in commercial analgesic preparations using thin layer chromatography. The thin layer chromatography separation method is a liquid mobile phase that carries the components of the mixture over a solid stationary phase. The stationary phase contains polar hydroxide groups on the surface of the silica gel. A component is separated from the mixture in the mobile solvent when it interacts with the immobile silica gel

Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) Abstract This experiment uses the TLC chromatography technique to identify the presence of acetylsalicylic and Acetaminophen in analgesic drugs (Tylenol and Anacin). It was found that the Anacin and acetylsalicylic had very closer Rf values (0.8 and 0.79). The Tylenol and acetaminophen had closer Rf values (0.54 and 0.58). Hence, Acetylsalicylic acid and acetaminophen were present in Anacin and Tylenol tablets respectively. Introduction Chromatography is the technique

Organic chemistry II Experiment 3: chromic acid oxidation reaction Introduction: Camphor is very compact and its molecular structure is symmetrical which gives it the property to change directly from a solid to vapour when heated. Therefore, camphor can easily be purified by sublimation technique. Sublimation is a phase change in which a solid phase passes directly into the vapour without going through an intermediate liquid phase. Solids which have vapour pressure below melting points can be purified

In our experiment, we are trying to identify the types of dyes used in M&M’s versus skittles using chromatography. Chromatography is a group of techniques used to separate the various components in a complex mixture or solution. Chromatography was invented by a Russian botanist named Mikhail Tsvet. He used column chromatography to study plant pigments, but it became clearer that this technique can be used to separate many complex homogeneous mixtures. In every chromatography structure there is basically

Experiment 4: Thin Layer and Column Chromatography. Name: Matthew Scully ID Number: 16188357 Date of the Experiment: 23rd of February 2018 Introducton: Chromatography is used to separate a mixture into its different components and although there are different types of chromatography (e.g paper, TLC, column, size-exchange, etc.) they all rely on a mobile phase (which may be a gas or liquid) and a stationary

Before Gel Electrophoresis, separation of small molecules was impossible. Today Gel Electrophoresis is the primary method of separating molecules. The ability to separate has greatly improved forensics. paternity/maternity tests, and many other useful tests. Prosecutors being able to prove that a crime was committed because of DNA instead of testimony has improved the criminal justice system greatly. Oliver Smithies developed Gel Electrophoresis in 1950. To separate molecules an electric current

Affinity Chromatography using the natural properties of protein Introduction The motivation for developing affinity chromatography is clear and simple, it is because protein has to purify before research studied its structure and mechanism of its’ functions, and each protein has various sizes, mass, pH value, and solubility. However, it is a difficult to separate target protein through single method in “five decades ago” .1 During the early time, scientist used less efficient method to separate

Should the use of performance enhancing drugs be allowed in sports? In this essay I will be writing about the usage of performance enhancing drugs and whether they should or should not be allowed to take in sports. I will be mentioning my views on this question, the local and global perspective, as well as the impact that performance enhancing drugs will have on the world of sport and the world in general. Sports is a massive and worldwide industry. From the very start doping/taking drugs in professional

have appeared frequently in actual cases, were endosulfan, lindane, parathion, ethyl-azinphos, diazinon, Malathion, alachlor, tetradifon, fenthion. These study widely reviewed the concern of exposure to pesticides with analytical methods for biological monitoring. All phases of analytical procedures were assessed which included storage, sample preparation, analysis, and validation of methods. The study was main aimed at measuring metabolites or unchanged compounds in urine or blood as biological indicators

Gas chromatography is a helpful technique to separate and analyze volatile compounds. In this experiment, ethanol and pentanol are both nonpolar, so they are separated based on their boiling points. Ethanol has a higher boiling point than pentanol, so it elutes first and its peaks can be seen first on all the chromatograms (Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5). It is useful to be able to separate ethanol and determine its percentage, like in this experiment, in the case of alcohol concentration in beer.

Paper Chromatography Chromatography is a technique is used to separate mixtures of coloured compounds. There are certain compounds that can be separated such as inks, dyes and colour agents that are used in foods. The process of separation is done by dissolving the solutes in a solvent. The solvent moves with the solutes. The way the solutes move determines their distance with is dependent on their size and solubility within that certain solvent. The smaller the molecule is means the faster it will

causing them to be separated. In fact, the separation is based on differential partitioning between the mobile and stationary phases [1]. Chromatography may be preparative or analytical. The purpose of preparative chromatography is to separate the components of a mixture for later use, and it is a form of purification. For analytical chromatography, it is normally done with smaller amounts of material with the purpose of establishing the

separation and analysis of gaseous samples, liquid solutions, and volatile solids. If the sample to be analyzed is non-volatile, the techniques of derivatization or pyrolysis GC can be utilized. Gas chromatography (GC) has been an indispensable analytical technique in the application of fatty acid determinations in oilseed plant breeding, biosynthesis, and human metabolism. As well as the characterization of complex mixtures of geometric isomers when combined with other chromatographic separations