Introduction
Blood and body fluids may contain blood-borne viruses or other bacterial and other viral pathogens. These can present a risk to other patients and health care workers. As it is not always possible to know who is infected with these pathogens, emphasis on infection control effort should focus primarily on 'Universal Infection Control Precautions' (UICP) which prevent the exposure to blood and body fluids Which are presumed to be potentially infective.(KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA APRIL 1995)
In this assignment I will talk about the universal precautions that will has Risk assessment talk about Transmission of HIV in health care settings. Then I will mentioned protective clothing for example: gloves, aprons, mask and hand washing .And how To
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• Change gloves between patient contacts.
• Use general-purpose utility gloves (e.g., rubber household gloves) for housekeeping chores involving potential blood contact and for instrument cleaning and decontamination procedures. Utility gloves may be decontaminated and reused but should be discarded if they are peeling, cracked, or discolored, or if they have punctures.(JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION VOL. 98. NO.5 MAY 2006)
• other recommendation : All persons performing or assisting in postmortem procedures should wear gloves, masks, protective eyewear, gowns, and waterproof aprons.
• Instruments and surfaces contaminated during postmortem procedures should be decontaminated with an appropriate chemical germicide.
Conclusions:
Universal precautions should be used whenever there may be occupational exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material to prevent contact with patients' blood or other potentially infectious maternal. (The Nigerian Health Journal, Vol. 12, No 3, July — September,