Caitlin Little
2.15.18
ANP II
Case Study
1.
Mr. Tripson’s physician is clearly taking very seriously the symptoms he is exhibiting on his second day of hospitalization after suffering a severe head trauma that resulted in a coma. Polyuria and frequent urination are symptoms of diabetes, though given his head trauma the diagnosis could be even more serious, even potentially life threatening. The physician will order blood and urine tests to rule out different types of diabetes and gain a better conclusion about what’s going on internally with Mr. Tripson.
For Mr. Tripson’s urine test, the physician wants to examine his dissolved particle-to-water levels, or osmolarity. Polyuria is a condition in which you lose a lot of water in your urine; the osmolarity test will determine how much water and what concentration of particles are in it. The two particles the physician is specifically interested in observing are glucose and ketones, both of which are indicators of diabetes mellitus.
A presence of ketones in your urine could mean your body is burning fat instead of glucose for energy, which is common in diabetic patients, and could potentially lead to diabetic ketoacidosis, a complication of diabetes that can be fatal. In this case, the urine result
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Diabetes mellitus a condition where the body has trouble making and/or using the insulin it needs to regulate its blood sugar levels. We get glucose from food, and when our blood glucose levels get high, insulin is released to activate glucose uptake by various cells. If it isn’t able to do its job properly, glucose will build up in the blood and can lead to hyperglycemia and many complications. Diabetes mellitus is more common than diabetes insipidus, and has 3 types: type 1, type 2, and gestational. Treatments can include lifestyle changes (exercise, diet) as well as insulin