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(p.151) Many of these scholars were deeply religious and held prominent positions within the Church, showing that their scientific pursuits were often supported rather than hindered by their faith and ecclesiastical roles. (p.151) The case of Galileo demonstrates the complex interplay between science and the Church during the Counter-Reformation, highlighting that Galileo's troubles were as much due to his own actions and the historical context as to the Church's stance on science. Galileo initially had a favorable relationship with Pope Urban VIII, who supported his work and even praised him. The relationship soured due to Galileo's perceived arrogance and offensive presentation of his ideas.
During the sixteenth and seventeenth century, many scientists had developed a new perspective on the world around them. Scientists such as Galileo and Copernicus envisioned a world where natural phenomenons could be proved through experimentation. Furthermore, the work of scientists during this time period were affected by the approval of political figures, the support from influential members of the church, and social factors that influenced the development and acceptance of new theories. To powerful political figures, scientific theories were regarded as an opportunity to gain power and money.
The majority of the science during this time just reinforced the ideas of the Church and the Church’s power. However, the “radical” scientists such as Galileo let their scientific ideas be heard and the topic of science started to interest more and more people. The result of this was that the government became involved in these scientific topics, was able to take hold of authority, and started to create scientific societies which would develop and progress throughout the 1700’s and
Political, religious and social factors heavily impacted the work of scientist in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Governments where funding the sciences and were placing more emphasis on science and the arts. States wanted to show an abundance of wealth by causing the arts and sciences to Flourish (Doc 11). States where establishing academies for letters and sciences, therefore more and more people were learning about science (Doc 11). Louis XIV was a big parton of the sciences, he established the French Royal Academy and he showed pride in supporting the sciences (Doc 10) Science and Politics were happy with each supporting each other.
The Scientific Revolution “refers to historical changes in thought & belief, to changes in social & institutional organization, that unfolded in Europe between roughly 1550-1700” (Hatch). This revolution was a time to replace
Alysia Hernandez 1 October 3, 2016 Period 3 Gioia l There were three major movements that began from the 14th century to the 17th century, the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation and the Scientific Revolution. The Renaissance started as a cultural movement in Italy, translating to “rebirth” then in which later spread throughout the rest of Europe. The initial basis of the Renaissance was it’s own invention of humanism, derived from the rediscovery of classical Greek philosophy, like Protagoras, a Greek philosopher who invented the role of professional sophist, said, “Man is the measure of all things.”
In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, the emergence of a scientific worldview and reflections on suffering challenged Christianity, causing the Church to refine ideas and respond. Belief only in scientific discoveries led to rationalism, the belief that there is no route to truth except through reason. Through careful deliberation and scholasticism, the Church examined the Christian tradition and drew new conclusions. Additionally, the Church addressed ideas on senseless suffering and atheism. Beginning in the sixteenth century, many scientists made discoveries that went against Church teaching and promoted new ideas of freedom, self-determination, and autonomy (379 Cory and Hollerich).
With the coming of a new era, the change in time also brought forth a change in ideas. One of the most influential people of the scientific revolution is most presumably Galileo Galilei. Bringing forth many ideas, such as the telescope, and adding to copernicus's idea of the heliocentric theory, Galileo was sure to have changed how we view the universe Galileo Galilei was one of the most influential members of his society. Not only did he improve upon the telescopes and invent many different tools of measurement, but he also continued Copernicus’s work of a heliocentrism. Copernicus spent his life studying the solar system but when the time came to prove his theory to the catholic church, instead of praising him for brilliant ideas, they
Prior to the Scientific Revolution, many Europeans were ignorant of basic earth sciences, there was little education and little knowledge. Knowledge that did exist was controlled by the Roman Catholic Church. Most scientific teachings in the Church were based on Biblical theory & ancient Greek science. During the Middle Ages, religion dominated society. Catholicism was the only recognized religion.
Christianity has shaped the Scientific Revolution in Europe in many different ways. The main argument is that it brought a new of thinking that relied on Empiricism and objectivism. The findings made by the revolution’s astronomers challenged the foundations of the truths of the Christian church and the Bible. Some studies show that it has shaped the Scientific Revolution, whereas others show that it has not. The research that shows Christianity does have a significant amount of impact on the Scientific Revolution mostly deal with the explicit conflict between religion and science.
During the Scientific Revolution, people might have had a negative perspective of Scientists because of the new discoveries and observations. These observations would contradict the Church and the Bible. Religious followers might also be upset by these new discoveries because it makes them question their faith. People would also be questioning the scientist morals when they were doing dissection. This was not a rare opinion because, if someone does not understand the discoveries and only pay attention to the ones that contradict the teachings of the church, it would be easy to think that the scientists are trying to cause problems with the church.
By analyzing text and information from that time and what others have read about this event, a conclusion can be drawn to determine if religion had an effect on the scientific revolution. In the past century there have been many advances in technology, medicine, and new revolutionary ideas. More
“God, who has given the world to men in common, has also given them reason to make use of it to the best advantage of life and convenience” (Locke, 35). The Scientific Revolution concentrated on understanding the physical world through astronomical and mathematical calculations, or testable knowledge. The Enlightenment focused more on “Spreading of faith in reason and in universal rights and laws” (Worlds Together, Worlds Apart, 535). While the Scientific Revolution preceded the Enlightenment, both time periods sought to limit and challenge the power of the Church, through the spread of science, reason and intellect, and political philosophies. The Scientific Revolution began with Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1542) and Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) wanting to understand the movement of the planets beyond what they authorities had told them.
The sight of religion changed; in the old society- when the church ruled and had a lot of power, the church had own religious beliefs and thoughts of the world, for example they claimed that diseases were caused by evil spirits and witches, or just by your own sins⇒ like when not following the “rules” or standards of the church; criticizing the them or denying the their theories of the universe. The church did have lots of theories (those were obviously made up by them), and forced people to believe these lies, mostly because to get more power over the people- they would otherwise be punished for believing other stuff than the church’s theories. The church actually didn’t let men to study science, to not learn and become clever. The church was always very afraid that people use the knowledge they’d gained from science, to demonstrate against it and overpower the church. They would then lose all their power and
Many believed that science and religion complete each other, and are in fact compatible since a person can be both a devout Christian and a man of science at the same time. Religious men who have contributed to scientific development include Mendel, Lemaitre, and Bacon. Many scientists also dedicated their work to religion. They believed that natural phenomena are organized by a rational God. Copernicus, Galileo, Newton, Kepler, Faraday, Maxwell, and Pasteur were all very religious men.
