Crisis Leadership Summary

Summary of key issues

The focus of this paper is to identify and measure crisis leadership qualities through Creative, Adaptive, Resilient, Emotional Intelligence (CARE) psychometric tool and investigate on the learning pedagogical innovation. According to this paper, crisis leadership qualities are essential to leaders to perform effective leadership, actual or perceived, during crises in a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) environment. Hence, CARE tool proposed and measures four key crisis management leadership qualities and the active learning pedagogy proposed provides realistic simulations to enhance learning efficacy and develop the crisis leadership qualities.

Theoretical Perspectives

The author, Koh, proposed 3 hypotheses,

According to LCT, followers use implicit beliefs, appropriate leadership behaviour and actions, to assess leaders. As such, peers perceive leaders as more effective when they exhibit stronger crisis leadership qualities and thus, improves PLE. Similarly, for H1b, with stronger crisis leadership qualities, leaders will have the necessary emotional and managerial competencies to achieve desirable outcomes and hence, improves ALE. For H1c, Leaders with high ALE will exhibit competencies and skills to achieve desirable goals which make peers perceive them as effective leaders, and increases PLE.

Koh proposed the hybrid learning pedagogy to raise awareness and develop crisis leadership qualities. The design of the learning pedagogy aim to maximise learners’ engagement which shaped an effective learning culture (Constantinescu, 2013; Stasio, 2013) which enhanced learning efficacy and ensured desired learning outcomes especially for leadership education in the military context (Persyn & Polson, 2012).

Quality of supporting

The experiment was conducted on mid-level military officers who are likely to possess higher level of capabilities and leadership experience, and hence their peer ratings are likely to increase significantly higher than others after going through the hybrid learning innovations. The sample is not representative as individuals with similar competencies was selected.

Implications and consequences

As the purpose of the study is to identify and develop crisis leadership qualities for all leaders and individuals, there will be a need to generalize the study. Firstly, individuals from all contexts such as mid-level management in business organisation, should be brought in to provide a wholesome view of leadership in all context. Since crisis leadership qualities and LE differ with changing context, including individuals from different context would lead to more comprehensive results and provide strong justification to prove or disprove hypotheses