DYEING Dyes are coloring materials used in dyeing textiles. Other hand it can be defined as a substance which may be natural or synthetic use to change or add color to the textile materials. They are incorporated into the fiber by chemical reaction, absorption, or dispersion. Dyes differ in their resistance to sunlight, perspiration, washing, gas, alkalizes, and other agents; their affinity for different fibers; their reaction to cleaning agents and methods; and their solubility and method of application. CLASSIFICATION OF DYES The English chemist William Perkins accidentally discovered the synthetic dye, mauve, in 1856, while he was trying to synthesize quinine in aniline. Before that time he synthetic dye, mauve, in 1856, while he was trying to synthesize quinine in aniline. Before that time, all coloring materials were extracted from bars, roots, seeds, leaves and shellfish. Most synthetic dyestuffs are made from coal-tar derivatives. Their manufacture is a highly complicated technical operation, which is constantly changing. There is variation in the manner in which different fibers respond to dyestuffs and even the same fibers do not produce a full range of colors with a particular type of dye.  Natural dyes Very beginning of the dyeing history man started dyeing their materials by natural dyes. Indigo, woad, saffron and madder are the plant based dyes which is much popular in Asia. The majority of natural dyes are vegetable dyes from plant sources from roots,