Federalism in India: Political Economy and Reform. Introduction The term federalism is used to describe a system of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and a state or province governing authority. It is a political concept where people are elected by the citizens so as to form a government with a representative head to control the system of government. The government of India was originated by the Constitution of India and it is the governing authority of federal union of 29 states and 7 union territories. The government of India is based on a tiered system, the constitution originally provided for a two-tier system of government that is the Union …show more content…
To the degree that the essence of federalism is based on representative self-governing politics, the role of political parties in the interactions between central and state level politics is a decisive aspect of federal structures. To demonstrate, considering the extreme case where government powers are theoretically decentralized with residuary powers left behind the state level, but the national and all state governments are controlled by a single, firmly hierarchical political party. The outcome of this will be the same as in a centralized, unitary …show more content…
Ideally, the police are unbiased investigators and monitors, preventing violations of law where ever possible. Their role balances that of the judiciary in enforcement. However, the police are also categorized as a bureaucracy that is under the control of politicians, like other branches of administration, but unlike the judiciary which has a speculative liberty. The police bureaucrats are also subjected to political pressure. The Indian Police Services (IPS) is the superior officer cadre for the police in India. The appointment process and the postings for the members of IPS is almost similar to that of IAS. The Indian Police Services (IPS) follows the Indian Foreign Services (IFS) and Indian Administrative Services (IAS) is of the superior cadre out of these two federal