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Essay On Theoretical Issues Of Consciousness

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Metaphysical issues of consciousness

Before defining “Metaphysical issues of consciousness”, we need to define terms 'metaphysics' and 'consciousness' separately.

Metaphysics

The word metaphysics derive from the Greek word (meta- “beyond”, “upon”, “after”) and
(Physics) i.e. beyond the physics. Metaphysics is the questions about the fundamental nature of reality. It explains the fundamental notions by which people understand the world. Such as: - existence, objects and their properties, space and time, cause and effect and possibility.
Some of the metaphysical questions are written below:
(a). Is god exist, or not?
(b). Can there be any things that do not exists in time and space? …show more content…

This Universal cycle is preceded by an infinite number of universes and to be followed by another infinite number of universes. Includes an infinite number of universes at one given time.

Consciousness
Consciousness is the state of awareness of mind, or, of being aware of an external object or something within oneself. Defining nature of consciousness is more perplexing area of philosophy. It is originally derived from the Latin word con (with) and scire ( to know). There are many questions arise in front of us about the mental state of consciousness. How are we to understand that we are in conscious mental state? For instance, how is the conscious mental state related to the body? Can consciousness be explained in terms of brain activity? What makes a mental state be a conscious mental state? For different organisms the concept of consciousness may be different. So we have divided this in three parts which cover whole organisms.
1. Creature consciousness: For different organisms on this earth the sense of conscious are different. So there are many criteria to sense creature

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This quote that I will be analyzing and explaining why it is the key quote that represents the thesis of Nagel. Nagel’s main goal is to define consciousness and refute any reductive approach to consciousness. Nagel claims that consciousness is the reason why the mind-body problem is so difficult. Consciously being aware and cognizant is unexplainable because it is hard to reduce down to a single entity. The chosen quote is essentially saying that all organisms have conscious states and in order to truly be that organism or understand, you must understand their consciousness while still maintaining your own consciousness.

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In 1986 Frank Jackson published an article titled “What Mary Didn’t Know.” , Jackson’s argument in this paper was to be aligned with Physicalism; more specifically the knowledge argument. In his paper he tells us of a woman, Mary who for scientific purposes has been confined to a black and white room, and learns everything there is to know about the physical world through lectures and black and white books, she understands all the physical facts about us and our environment. This is the basic definition of physicalism and why this paper was written because to say that there is more information that Mary doesn’t understand which isn’t physical would disprove the entire existence of physicalism. Just a few years earlier in 1982 Daniel Dennet wrote an article titled “How to How to study human consciousness

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Think of this consciousness as the Being that permeates all of creation. This consciousness is in you, it is in me, it is in her, and it is in everyone and everything that you perceive as reality. When this Adam, this Being, rushed into me, something remarkable happened. I experienced intense emotional swings for almost two years. And gradually, this story teller began to emerge in my mind.

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Being that the mind is physical, there must be some aspects of consciousness that can be reduced. The reducible qualities of consciousness include the functional aspects of the brain—behavior, information processing, reaction to stimuli, etc. On the other hand, there is the subjective experience that arises from these physical processes. Can the subjective part of consciousness be explained by physical processes? I do not think that is possible.

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Kant’s attempt to save the metaphysics was to propose synthetic a priori knowledge that Hume failed to recognize. Hume holds that we have no necessary (or even probable) material synthetic knowledge, but Kant believes that there should be another type of knowledge that is universal, necessary and a priori that tells us about the world (synthetic). We shall start our discussion with the first part of the Transcendental Doctrine of the Elements with the Transcendental Aesthetic. Kant holds that there’s no other way that objects can be given to us through anything other than our sensibility (A20). By sensibility, he refers to the faculty of our receptivity of representations in which we are affected by objects.

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